Complications of Hemodialysis Flashcards
Define Hypotension
A systolic BP <90, Diastolic <60 or a sudden drop in systolic by 20pts.
Muscle Cramps interventions?
Stretching using opposite force
Lowering UF rate (DON’T TURN UF OFF)
Fever and Chills definition?
Temp of >101 degrees F or an increase over baseline by 2 degrees with symptoms.
Pyrogen Reaction definition?
Fever caused by pyrogens in dialysate like endotoxins.
Causes of Pyrogen Reaction?
Break in H2O tx that gets into dialysate
When do S/S of pyrogen reaction occur?
Within first 45mins - 75mins of tx
Define Seizures
Involuntary spasms & loss of consciousness
Causes of seizures?
SEVERE HYPOTENSION, Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome, epileptic patients meds being washed out by dialysis.
Symptoms of Seizures?
Change in LOC, convulsions, tetany
Define Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome
Condition in which rapid or drastic change in the patties extracellular fluid affects the brain.
When does DDS commonly occur?
When patients skip tx’s
Symptoms of DDS?
Headache, Nausea, Confusion, Blurred Vision
Clotted Dialyzer causes?
Inadequate anti-coagulation (heparin), broken heparin pump, air, low BFR
If the dialyzer is severely clotted the VP will?
Decrease
Signs of Clotted Dialyzer?
Decrease in VP with no change in BFR, visible clots in venous drip chamber and lines
