competition

Question 1

competition

Answer 1

• The interaction between an animal or plant species, or individual organism in trying to gain a share of a limited resource

Question 2

intraspecific

Answer 2

• same species compete

- limited resource for them

Question 3

interspecific

Answer 3

• different species compete

- niches in habitat are similar

Question 4

survival

Answer 4

• successful access to resource

Question 5

ecological niche

Answer 5

• resources and conditions necessary for the survival of each species
• tolerate physical environment
• obtain energy and nutrients
• cope with competition
• avoid predators
• specialisation can occur to adapt for a species niche

Question 6

exclusion

Answer 6

• one species is more successful than the other, one survives and the other disappears

Question 7

co-existence

Answer 7

• the ability to co-exist even considering overlapping niches
• resource partitioning (species develop specialised traits to enable them to utilise resources different creating separate niches
• different times; different parts of habitat; different parts of same resource

Question 8

resource partitioning

Answer 8

• stratification (different vertical layers)
• tall trees (maximum light intensity)
• short trees (less light intensity)
• pioneer species (grow in gaps between trees)
• epiphytes (grow on tree trunks and climbers)
• herbaceous ground layer (shade loving plants)
• light partitioning has caused plants to use light differently

Question 9

coexistence for herbivores and shore birds

Answer 9

• giraffe (top tree)
• kudu (grass and shrubs)
• horizontal division (waves, tideline etc..)
• vertical division (ground, probe)
• pickers (search for food in a run-and-pick manner)
• probers (dig deep to find food)
• triangular bills
• ‘scythe’ like bills
• long slender legs

Question 10

coexistence for predators

Answer 10

• hunt at different times
• hunt different prey
• hunt in different areas