Competency 006 Content Learning, Academic Language and Achievement

Question 1

Differentiated Instruction

Answer 1

It’s the instruction that is designed to support individual students’ learning in a classroom of students with varied backgrounds and needs.

Question 2

Teachers differentiate instruction for ELs by:

Answer 2

Get to know the students. Have high expectations. Use a variety of research-based instructional strategies. Use ongoing assessment to guide instruction and different types of assessment. Works in collaboration and flexible groups. o Make content comprehensible for all students.

Question 3

Realia

Answer 3

Refers to authentic objects from real life that one uses in the classroom to teach a specific concept. Realia can be both physical and virtual, as long as it is something used in the real world (rather than created specifically for an ESL class).

Question 4

Applying Prior knowledge and Cultural Background

Answer 4

teachers must understand first the level of background knowledge each student has about the topic to be studied. Some strategies that help with this are KWL chart, classroom pre-discussion, I-Chart, Observation chart ad anticipation guide.

Question 5

Content-Based ESL Curriculum (CBEC) method

Answer 5

Means: teach ESL students at the same high-standards curriculum in a mainstream classroom, allowing them to learn and practice English with native English students, and to read authentic texts and technical vocabulary.

Question 6

Pre-Teaching Vocabulary

Answer 6

Through explicit instruction we can find some strategies: 1) Pre-teaching unfamiliar words from text. 2) Repeated exposure to words. 3) To teach a word clue to relate the meaning of the word (cognitive link), 4) Create word maps 5) Develop context skills also known as context clues.

Question 7

Metacognition

Answer 7

It’s a thinking skill which is defined as ‘thinking about thinking.’ This involves any behavior directly linked with a person’s control and monitoring of their own learning and thinking, including emotion.

Question 8

Some of the Behaviors that Develop Metacognition are:

Answer 8

1) Setting goals.
2) making sure a problem is understood before answering.
3) monitoring memory recall and comprehension.
4) reflection.
5) generating and testing hypotheses.
6) self-questioning.
6) brainstorming ideas and strategy selection.

Question 9

Mainstream

Answer 9

Is the education received at any government school (public or private), that teaches the regular classes of reading, writing, math, social studies, and sciences. Regular class means all those students coded as no disables, without special needs or accommodations needed for academic purposes

Question 10

Mainstream Educational System

Answer 10

The mainstream education system typically relies on formal, institutionalized settings, such as public schools, to provide equal educational opportunities for all children in a society.