Comparison Of Surveilance Technologies Flashcards
ADVANTAGES OF PRIMARY RADAR OVER secondary radar
- SELF CONTAINED, Needs no external input.
- INDEPENDENT OPERATION - Solely provides identification and fix of aircraft position.
- NON–RELIANT - Aircraft do not need transponder.
- PERMANENT ECHOES - Used for calibration.
- WEATHER INFORMATION – Visually assess significant cloud impact.
What are ground based safety nets?
STCA (2 min)
MTCA (20 Min)
MSAW
RIMCAS
AMD
CAIT
What are automatic safety nets?
SSR can be fitted with automatic safety nets
SSR system automatically interprets aircraft
position symbols and Downlinked Airborne
Parameters (DAPs) to detect and alert
controller to potential dangers
What is STCA?
Short Term Conflict (STCA)
Is a ground-based safety net intended to assist
the controller in preventing collision between
aircraft by generating, in a timely manner, an
alert of a potential or actual infringement
of separation minima
What is MTCD?
Medium-Term Conflict Detection (MTCD)
Is a flight data processing system designed to warn the controller of potential conflict between flights in his area of responsibility in a time horizon extending up to 20 minutes ahead.
What is MSAW?
Minimum Safe Altitude Warning (MSAW)
A ground-based safety net intended to warn the controller
about increased risk of controlled flight into terrain
accidents by generating, in a timely manner, an alert of
aircraft proximity to terrain or obstacles.
What is RIMCAS?
Runway Incursion Monitor and Collision Avoidance System
(RIMCAS)
Fitted to some surface movement surveillance systems.
Provides Tower controllers with audio and visual warnings of potential conflictions on runways.
(PSR and SSR returns can both trigger RIMCAS)
What is AMA?
Approach Monitoring Aid
Also known as Approach Funnel Deviation Alerting System.
(AFDAS)
Automatically monitors aircraft on final approach and provides visual and aural alert to Tower controller of any significant lateral or vertical deviation from final approach track or glide path.
What is CAIT?
Controlled Airspace Infringement Tool (CAIT)
Radar system monitors squawks and mode C readouts to
alert radar controller to any unauthorised entries into
controlled airspace.
ADVANTAGES OF PRIMARY RADAR OVER secondary radar
- SELF CONTAINED, Needs no external input.
- INDEPENDENT OPERATION - Solely provides identification and fix of aircraft position.
- NON–RELIANT - Aircraft do not need transponder.
- PERMANENT ECHOES - Used for calibration.
- WEATHER INFORMATION – Visually assess significant cloud impact.
DISADVANTAGES OF PRIMARY RADAR OVER secondary radar?
- NO LEVEL INFORMATION (or other) Primary radar only indicates the position of an aircraft.
- IDENTIFICATION
Workload and R/T loading is increased when using
primary radar in order to identify an aircraft (turn
method) and determine its vertical position (asking
pilots level) - WEATHER CLUTTER
The display may also show weather clutter which can
mask returns. - PERMANENT ECHOES
Returns from high ground, buildings and high
obstacles can block echoes from aircraft. (Gloucester
Radar is a good example) - RANGE DEPENDENT ON
Transmitter power, target size, target attitude, aspect
and target properties. - NO EMERGENCY INDICATION
Aside from flying triangles, which has been proved as
ineffective.
ADVANTAGES OF SECONDARY RADAR OVER primary radar?
- Less transmitter power needed for a similar range.
- No ground or weather clutter.
- Identification of aircraft simplified and displayed.
- Vertical position information displayed.
- Emergency squawk codes.
- Independent of the equivalent echoing area.
DISADVANTAGES OF SECONDARY RADAR OVER primary radar?
- All Aircraft require a transponder.
- No weather returns.
- Fruit.
- Garbling.
- Fading.
- No permanent echoes for display alignment.
- (calibration)
