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Companion animal health Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Systematic assessment of patient health

A

Head to tail
If you focus on obvious you may miss subtle problems

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2
Q

Why do we do gradual diets

A

May upset digestive system if we suddenly change

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3
Q

How early can dental issues begin

A

6 months
Signs include:
Bad breath
Inappetence
Discolour
Red gums
Weight loss
Dribbling
Choking
Sensitive

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4
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation round gums
Is reversible
removal of plaque to give gingiva time to reduce

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5
Q

Periodontitis

A

Results of untreated gingivitis
Irreversible
Managed with good dental care
Removal of teeth

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6
Q

Principle of dental hygiene

A

Educate public
Tooth brushing
Commercial diets
Enzyme toothpaste
Chews/toys
Herbal remedies
Water additives
Vet descale

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7
Q

Teeth rasping

A

Horses rabbits and other rodents have teeth that continuously erupt
They require checking and rasping/cutting at different intervals

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8
Q

Parasite control - endoparasites and ectoparasites

A

Endo is living internal worm
Ecto is living external fleas

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9
Q

Worming puppies

A

From 2 weeks (due to parasite in milk) till 8 weeks for every 2 weeks
Monthly till 6 months old
Adult worming program (dependent on area) monthly/3monthly/6monthly

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10
Q

Life cycle of tapeworms

A

6 months

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11
Q

Ectoparasite treatment (fleas tics etc)

A

Spot on
Tablets
Treats
(Some are monthly some are more - based on manufacture)

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12
Q

Horse worming

A

Worm resistance in horses
Only worm to effect
Worm egg counts
Poo pick frequently
Correct weight to dose correct amount

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13
Q

Testing for tapeworm

A

Blood test
Saliva test
Can’t see in worm egg counts

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14
Q

Treating Lice and feather mites in horse

A

Topical treatments
Injections

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15
Q

E.canniculi in rabbits (worms)

A

Protozoa cartied in urine with fatal consequences
Effects nervous system spinal cord
Head tilt
Can’t eat
Can be caught early and treated

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16
Q

Blow fly (maggots) in rabbits and sheep (fly strike)

A

Flies lay eggs in wet damp fur
Eggs hatch
Maggots start eating flesh and injecting toxics
Happens within hours

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17
Q

Reasons we vaccinate

A

Train body to prevent sickness by giving a strain of the sickness so immune system is ready

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18
Q

Dog vaccinations

A

Leptospirosis
Hepatitis
Distemper
Parvovirus

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19
Q

Kennel cough dog vaccinations

A

Parainfluenza
Bordetella

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20
Q

When to do puppy vaccinations

A

8 weeks then 12 weeks
Should be weaned after 8 weeks as want to build own immune response not relying on milk
Boosters every 12 months

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21
Q

First vaccination for kittens

A

8-9 weeks then 3/4 weeks after
Then yearly booster

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22
Q

Cat vaccinations

A

Calici virus and herpes virus (cat flu)
Leukaemia (FeLV)
Panleukopenia

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23
Q

Rabies

A

Dogs cats and ferrets not standard in uk only if travelling

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24
Q

Parvovirus

A

Fatal disease
Spread by contaminated feces
V+d
Quickly dehydrate then Die
Remain in environment for 9 months

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25
Distemper
Spread by saliva and urine
26
Leptospirosis
Spreads quickly Organ failure
27
Horses vaccination
Equine herpes virus - neurological (fatal) and respiratory Equine influenza - standard Tetanus - standard Strangles’ vaccination
28
Rabbit vaccinations
Myxomatosis Viral haemorrhagic disease (VHD)/ Rabbits haemorrhagic disease(RHD) 1&2
29
When to vaccinate for Equine influenza and tetanus
5 months old then 21-92 days later Alright to compete after 2nd 3rd vaccine 150-215 days after Yearly boosters No longer than 365 days after if so then restart whole process
30
Strangles vaccination
Spread via sneezing
31
VHD
Fatal Carry on clothes
32
When to vaccinate rabbits
5weeks old combo of all 3 (not all programmes have this) Booster yearly
33
Grooming
Depends on pet/breed hair length/type Life stage
34
Show animals
Ask permissions first
35
When to groom pets for them
Arthritis Buster collar being worn When can’t reach
36
Feline hair types
Down hair -soft silky undercoat Awn hair - secondary hair slightly coarser/longer traps air for insulation Guard hair- longer hair again to keep underlayers dry (coat colour) Vibrissae - whiskers
37
Long hair cat
Persian 2-5 inches long
38
Short hair cat
Burmese, short hair, 1-2 inches
39
Hairless cat
Sphynx - light down on coat not truly hairless
40
Curly haired cat
Devon Rex - genetic mutation £££ Non shedding
41
Long coated dog
Afghan hounds Setters
42
Medium coated dogs
Retriever German shepherds
43
Short coated dogs
Boxers Dobermans
44
Double coated dogs
Short undercoat Longer outer coat Bernese mountain dog Husky
45
Single coated dogs
Get cold need coat Whippets Lurchers
46
Curly coated dogs
Tight curls - matted Poodles Portuguese water dog
47
Silky coated dogs
Irish setter Afghan hound Yorkies
48
Rough coated dog
Rough collie - double coated Coarse to touch
49
Wire coated dogs
Wirehaired terrier
50
Smooth coated dogs
Dalmatian Boxers
51
Hairless dogs
Chinese crested Some areas completely hairless
52
Grooming birds
Feather plucking due to stress Or picked on by others Environment Nutrition Social structure
53
Grooming small mammals
Based on hair length Fairly often to prevent matting or any hair balls Fly strike
54
Grooming horses
Everytime tacking up (mud) Everyday Grooming kit each (non spread)
55
Clipping
Remove Mats Maintain coat Styling Keep cool Lose weight (horse)
56
Foot care
Environmental factors (ware down themselves) Vet care Dew claws (should be removed if catch on things)
57
Nail trimming
Kwik is blood supply in nails Gets longer if nail gets longer Will recede if file or clip little and often
58
Hoof care
Hoof picking daily Trimming 6-8 weeks 5-6 weeks shoes
59
Horseshoes
Fullered concave shoe -Steel (most common) Racing plate (aluminium) light Remedial bar shoes (Frog support) Hospital plates (screw on and off) Draught horses needs larger weight bearing surface
60
Exercise and mobility examples
Hydrotherapy Walks Pole work Fun/enrichment Massages ROM
61
Why exercise and mobility changes
Age Illness Weight gain/loss Diet
62
Main considerations for exercise and mobility of reptiles
Display natural behaviour Size of enclosure and enrichment is adequate Branches, water baths etc for exercise
63
Considerations for exercise and mobility of birds
Cage is big enough Clipping wings to prevent escape or to train Flying racing pigeons Daily exercise Climbing frames Hunting behaviours mimicked (birds of prey)
64
Exercise and mobility for small mammals
Time out of enclosure Ball/wheels Big enough environment Indoors and outdoors

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