Comp Sci Ch 9 Ch 10

Question 1

what types of ordered list types does c++ suppport

Answer 1

arrays and vectors

Question 2

how do you declare vectors

Answer 2

vector<type> name (elements)</type>

Question 3

how do you access an index of a vector

Answer 3

name.at(i);

Question 4

why are vectors safer than arrays

Answer 4

because it uses () that check the .at while the [] in arrays are not
AND
arrays do not have the size feature

Question 5

what is a vector

Answer 5

an ordered list of items of a given data type

Question 6

what is an element in a vector

Answer 6

each item

Question 7

what do you need to include to use vectors

Answer 7

include < vector>

Question 8

If a vector has N elements
what is the last element index

Answer 8

N - 1

Question 9

if a vector has last index N, how many elements does it have

Answer 9

N + 1

Question 10

The index of a vector to access must be

Answer 10

an unsigned int type and not a floating type number

Question 11

what does size return for a vector

Answer 11

the number of elements

Question 12

when a vector is initialized with a number of elements

vector<type> name (numOfElements);</type>

what are the elements initialized to

Answer 12

0

Question 13

how to initialize all the elements of a vector to one value

Answer 13

vector <type> name ( numOfElements, valueToSetTo);</type>

Question 14

how to initialize each element in a vector to different values

Answer 14

vector <type> name = {num, num, ...};</type>

Question 15

for a large vector how should you initialize it

Answer 15

a for loop

Question 16

normal loop header for iterating through a vector

Answer 16

for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i) {
//loop body;
}

Question 17

you already have the vector size
how should you input stuff into the vector

Answer 17

for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < v.size; ++i) {
cin&raquo_space; v.at(i);
}

Question 18

If you have multiple vectors….

Answer 18

both vectors should have same amount of elements

–0 corresponds to 0 and 1 to 1 and so on

Question 19

how do you append items to a vector

Answer 19

.push_back

Question 20

how to use .back()

Answer 20

to return a vectors last element and vector is unchanged

Question 21

what does .pop_back() do

Answer 21

removes last element and changes vector

Question 22

does the size of a vector have to specified in the declaration

Answer 22

no
instead of (numElements) just ;

Question 23

what is .resize() for

Answer 23

to change the size of the vector

Question 24

how does = compare vectors

Answer 24

copies all of one vector to another vector

Question 25

how does == compare vectors

Answer 25

compared elements by elements
true if same size and each element pair is equal

Question 26

how should you reverse a vector

Answer 26

–iterate size/2
–need a temp value to hold the value at i
–set that i equal to the last value size - 1- i
–make the last element the —temp value

Question 27

vectors with….should be passed by

Answer 27

10 by reference
then check if should be constant

Question 28

what is an object

Answer 28

a grouping of data (variables) and operations that can be preformed on that data (functions) in a class

Question 29

what is abstraction

Answer 29

having a user interact with an item at a high level with lower level internal details hidden from user

Question 30

what is abstraction also thought of

Answer 30

info hiding or encapsulation

Question 31

what does abstraction mean in a class

Answer 31

hiding entire groups of functions and variables exposing only certain functions to a user

Question 32

what is abstract data type

Answer 32

a data type whose creations and update are constrained to specific well-defined operations - use a class to implement

Question 33

what is a class

Answer 33

defines a new type that can group data and functions to form an object

Question 34

what are public member functions

Answer 34

indicate all operations a class user can preform on the object

Question 35

how to declare a class

Answer 35

class name {
public:
functions
return type name ( type parameter)
private:
typically variables that public functions use;
};

Question 36

how to call a class in main

Answer 36

class name object name;

object name. public functions (parameters);

Question 37

what is the dot operator / member access operator do

Answer 37

used to invoke a function on an object

Question 38

the string data type is an example of a …

Answer 38

class

Question 39

what are private data members

Answer 39

variables that member functions can access but class user cannot

Question 40

main can access…but cannot access

Answer 40

public member functions
private data members

Question 41

each function declaration under public in a class needs to be….

Answer 41

defined outside of the class

Question 42

the function declaration in the class has and the function definition has

Answer 42

declaration -
return type name ( type parameter);

definition-
return type class :: name (type parameter) {
statements
}

Question 43

when defining a member function with parameters you do not need to…

Answer 43

declare the variables you will use because they have been declared in the class, just call them

Question 44

a class public functions are commonly classified as either

Answer 44

mutator or accessors

Question 45

what is a mutator

Answer 45

function may modify (mutate) a class data member
–sets the value

Question 46

what is an accessor

Answer 46

function accesses data members but does not modify data members
–gets the value

Question 47

what are private helper functions

Answer 47

private functions to help public functions carry out tasks
—cane be called by private and public , not by main

Question 48

can you initialize data members in class definition

Answer 48

yes, any variable declared in that class type will have those initial values

Question 49

what is a constructor, where called and how defined, and what happens if there is no user defined one

Answer 49

called automatically when a variable of that class type is declared and which can initialize data members

–called inside public as class name() (no return type)

–defined out of the class as
class name :: class name (){
initializing data members
}

if no user defined one, complier implicitly defines a default but having no statements