Comp Sci Ch 5 Ch 6

Question 1

What does equality mean with string comparisons

Answer 1

same number of characters and each corresponding character is identical

Question 2

what does relational mean with string comparisons

Answer 2

begins at index 0 and compares each character until the evaluation results in false, or end of string is reached

Question 3

What do you have to include when you want to use character operations

Answer 3

include <cctype></cctype>

Question 4

What are the 5 functions when working with characters and what do they do

Answer 4

isalpha(c) - true if c is a letter
isdigit(c)- true if c is a number 0-9
isspace(c)- true if whitespace or endl;
toupper(c)- returns the uppercase version of c
tolower(c)- returns the lowercase version of c

Question 5

How to access an input string

Answer 5

getline(cin, name);

Question 6

How do you access a string character

Answer 6

name.at(x)

Question 7

if you know length, how do you find index

Answer 7

length - 1w

Question 8

what do you use to find the string size

Answer 8

name.size()

Question 9

how can you append one string to another one

Answer 9

string1.append(string2)

Question 10

what are test cases you can use when testing your code involving a string

Answer 10

0 indexes or the start or end

Question 11

when to use while loop vs for loop in string code

Answer 11

while loop for when user to providing sentinel value
for loop when we know end/stop

Question 12

how do you find an item and how in a specific index range

Answer 12

string.find(item)
string.find(item, index)

Question 13

what is returned when an item is not found

Answer 13

string::npos

Question 14

how to get a substring starting at an index and with having length characters

Answer 14

string.substr(index, length)
-if no length goes to end

Question 15

how to add a character to the end of a string

Answer 15

string.push_back(c)

Question 16

how to insert a sub string to a string at a specific index

Answer 16

string.insert(index, substr)

Question 17

how to replace characters at some indexes with a substr

Answer 17

string.replace(index, num, substr)
index to num-1

Question 18

how to return a copy of string 1 with string 2 appended

Answer 18

str1 + str2

Question 19

The 3 parts of a for loop expression

Answer 19

loop initialization
loop expression
loop variable update

Question 20

++i vs i++

Answer 20

pre increment and post increment
pre- increment then output
post- output then increment

-in for loops it does not matter but use ++i instead :)

Question 21

When doing a loop that involves some kind of false statement or true, what should you do

Answer 21

when its false, make the loop stop

Question 22

How do you iterate through a string with a FOR loop

Answer 22

starting at 0 to name.size()

Question 23

how do you iterate until done with a string with a WHILE looo

Answer 23

while ( name.find(item) != string::npos)

Question 24

What is a nested for loop

Answer 24

a for loop that appears in the body of another for loop

Question 25

how should you walk through a for loop

Answer 25

check, body run, increment

Question 26

What is a nested for loop for

Answer 26

used to generate all combinations of some items

Question 27

how do you walk through a nested for loop

Answer 27

check 1st loop, 2 run inside loop as you would normally walk through, increment outer loop

Question 28

What types of comments should you add for developing a program incrementally and how should you check a loop works

Answer 28

FIXME, output each i

Question 29

what must you declare to use ifstream and ofstream

Answer 29

include <fstream></fstream>

Question 30

How to read from a file

Answer 30

–declare ifstream
–open the file using name.open(name of file)
–check if an if branch if it opened using !name.is_open() as expression–inside if cout the error and return 1;
–read each one using while loop with expression name» a variable you declared to store each new value
–close file using name.close()

Question 31

How to write to a file

Answer 31

–declare of ofstream
–open the file using name.open(name of file)
–check if an if branch if it opened using !name.is_open() as expression–inside cout an error message and return 1
–write to the string using name &laquo_space;“stuff”
–close file using name.close()