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Electrotherapy > Comp Exam > Flashcards

Comp Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Precautions for thermotherapy:

A

cardiac insufficiency, edema, impaired circulation, impaired thermal regulation, metal in treatment sites, pregnancy, open wound, demylination

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2
Q

Contraindications for thermotherapy:

A

acute and early subacute traumatic and inflammatory conditions, decreased circulation, decreased sensation, DVT, impaired cognitive function, malignant tumors, edema or hemorrhage, very you and very old

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3
Q

Hot pack heat:

A

165-170 F (70-75C)
20-30 mins
6-8 layers of towels

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4
Q

Paraffin temperature:

A

118-130 F melts

175 F sterilized

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5
Q

Contraindications to paraffin:

A

allergic rash, open wounds, recent scars and sutures, skin infections

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6
Q

Whirpool temperature

A

103-110 F

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7
Q

Whirpool temperature for peripheral vascular disease:

A

95-100 F

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8
Q

Whirpool precautions:

A

decreased temperature sensation, impaired cognition, recent skin graft, confusion/disorientation, deconditioned state

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9
Q

Cryotherapy precautions:

A

hypertension, impaired temperature sensation, open wound, over superficial nerve, very old or young, cognitive changes

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10
Q

Cryotherapy contraindications:

A

cold hypersensitivity, cold intolerance, cryoglobulinemia, peripheral vascular disease, impaired temperature sensation, Raynauds, paroxysa cold hemoglobinuria, over regenerating nerves

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11
Q

Cold pack temperatures:

A

0-10F

10-20 mins

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12
Q

Contrast bath time:

A

Warm water for 4 mins

Cold water for 1 min

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13
Q

Contrast bath hot temp:

A

100-111 F

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14
Q

Contrast bath cold temp:

A

55-65 F

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15
Q

Contrast bath indications:

A

conditions requiring stimulation of peripheral circulation in limbs, peripheral vascular disease, sprains, strains, trauma

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16
Q

Contrast bath contraindications:

A

advanced arteriosclerosis, arterial insufficiency, loss of sensation to heat and cold

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17
Q

When is pulsed US applied?

A

for nonthermal effects

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18
Q

US contraindications:

A 
malignant tumor
pregnancy
CNS tissue
joint cement
plastic components
pacemaker
thrombophelbitis
eyes
reproductive organs
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19
Q

US precautions

A

acute inflammation
epiphyseal plates
fractures
breast implants

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20
Q

US frequency for deep tissue:

A

1MHz

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21
Q

US frequency for superficial tissue (1-2cm deep):

A

3 MHz

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22
Q

Duty cycle to increase temperature:

A

100%

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23
Q

Duty cycle for non thermal effects:

A

20% of lower

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24
Q

US indications:

A

pain, increase soft tissue extensibility or eliminate soft-tissue inflammation, accelerate rate of tissue healing, reduce or eliminate muscle spasms

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25
Q

US treatment intensity:

A

0.5-2.5 w/cm2
acute conditions: lower intensity
chronic conditions: higher intensity

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26
Q

Phonophoresis mode:

A

pulsed 20%

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27
Q

Phonophoresis treatment time:

A

5-10 mins

0.5–.75 w/cm2

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28
Q

Thermal diathermy goals:

A

increase joint ROM
pain
increased tissue healing

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29
Q

Nonthermal diathermy goals:

A

pain
decreased edema
resolution of acute and chronic infections
wound control and soft tissue healing

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30
Q

Thermal diathermy contraindications:

A

metal, malignancy, over the eyes, testes, epiphyses

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31
Q

Non-thermal diathermy contraindications:

A

diseased internal organs
metal loops
pace makers, or metal implants

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32
Q

Thermal diathermy precautions:

A

obesity
near electronic equipment
IUD

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33
Q

Non-thermal diathermy precautions:

A

pregnancy

skeletal immaturity

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34
Q

Most common diathermy frequency:

A

27.12 MHz

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35
Q

Traction contraindication:

A 
where motion is contraindicated
acute injury or inflammation
joint hypermobility or instability
peripherizilation of symptoms with traction
uncontrolled hypertension
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36
Q

Traction precautions:

A

claustrophobia, hitial hernia,
vascular compromise, pregnancy, impaired cognition
tumor, osteoporosis, TMJ, RA, disc protrusion

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37
Q

Cervical traction should start at:

A

8-10 pounds

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38
Q

Cervical traction should not exceed:

A

30 pounds

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39
Q

Initial treatment time for cervical traction:

A

5-10 mins and for acute conditions

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40
Q

Disc protrusion cervical weight:

A

10-15 pounds

7-10% of body weight

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41
Q

Joint distraction cervical weight:

A

20-30 pounds

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42
Q

When is static traction recommended?

A

disc protrusions

and when symptoms are aggravated by motion

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43
Q

When is intermittent traction recommended?

A

disc protrusions
joint distraction
joint mobilization

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44
Q

What should lumbar traction not exceed?

A

50% of body weight

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45
Q

Lumbar weight during acute phase:

A

30-40 pounds

start at 30-45 pounds

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46
Q

Lumbar weight for disc protrusion and elongation of soft tissue:

A

25% of body weight

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47
Q

Lumbar weight for joint distraction:

A

50 pounds or 50% of body weight

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48
Q

Lumbar treatment time for herniated disc:

A

5-10 mins

10-30 for other conditions

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49
Q

Goals of electrical stimulation:

A 
pain
decrease muscle spasm
impaired ROM
muscle reeducation
disuse atrophy
wound healing
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50
Q

Electrical stimulation contraindications:

A

pacemakers or other electronic devices (insulin pumps)
unstable arrhythmia, epilepsy or seizures
carotid sinus
thrombosis
over eyes, thoracic region, bladder
low back during pregnancy
bleeding, superficial metal implants

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51
Q

Electrical stimulation precautions:

A

cardiac disease, impaired mentation/sensation
malignant tumors, open wounds
menstruating uterus
hypo or hypertension

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52
Q

Forms form muscle contractions strengthening for large muscles

A

biphasic symmetrical

Russian

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53
Q

Pulse duration for strengthening for large muscles:

A

200-350 us

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54
Q

Pulse frequency for strengthening large muscle:

A

35-80 pps

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55
Q

Current amplitude for strengthening large muscles:

A

10% MVIC or 50% MVIC

56
Q

On off time for strengthening large muscles:

A

6-10 sec on

1:5 ratio

57
Q

Ramp time for strengthening large muscles:

A

2 sec

58
Q

Treatment duration for strengthening large muscles:

A

10-20 contractions

59
Q

Treatment frequency for strengthening large muscles:

A

q 2-3 hours daily

60
Q

Forms for strengthening small muscles:

A

biphasic asymmetrical
biphasic symmetrical
Russian

61
Q

Pulse duration for strengthening small muscles;

A

150-200 us

62
Q

Pulse frequency for strengthening small muscles:

A

35-80 pps

63
Q

Current amplitude for strengthening small muscles:

A

10% MVIC or

50% MVIC

64
Q

On off time for strengthening small muscles:

A

6-10 sec on

1:5 ratio

65
Q

Ramp time for strengthening small muscles:

A

2 seconds

66
Q

Treatment duration for strengthening small muscles:

A

10-20 contractions

67
Q

Treatment frequency for strengthening small muscles:

A

q 2-3 hours daily

68
Q

Forms for neuromuscular reeducation:

A

biphasic symmetrical

Russian

69
Q

Pulse duration for neuromuscular reeducation:

A

200-350 us

70
Q

Pulse frequency for neurmuscular reeducation:

A

35-50 pps

71
Q

Current amplitude and on off time for neuromuscular reeducation:

A

timed with activity

72
Q

Ramp time for neuromuscular reeducation:

A

2 sec

73
Q

Treatment duration for neuromuscular reeducation:

A

10-20 contractions

74
Q

Treatment frequency for neuromuscular reeducation:

A

as need for therapy

75
Q

Pulse duration for neuromuscular reeducation of small muscles:

A

150-200us

76
Q

Forms for reducing spasms

A

biphasic symmetrical
biphasic asymmetrical (small)
Russian

77
Q

Pulse duration for reducing spasms

A

large: 200-350 us
small: 150-200 us

78
Q

Pulse frequency for reducing spasm:

A

35-50 pps

79
Q

Current amplitude for reducing muscle spasm

A

visible contraction

80
Q

On Off time for reducing muscle spasm

A

2-5 second on

1:1

81
Q

Ramp time for reducing muscle spasm:

A

1 sec

82
Q

Treatment for reducing muscle spasm:

A

10-30 mins

83
Q

Treatment frequency for reducing muscle spasm:

A

q 2-3 hours daily

84
Q

Forms for reducing chronic edema:

A

Russian

biphasic-both forms (small)

85
Q

Pulse duration for chronic edema

A

large 200-350 us

small 150-200 us

86
Q

Pulse frequency for chronic edema:

A

35-50 pps

87
Q

Current amplitude for chronic edema:

A

visible contraction

88
Q

On: Off time for chronic edema:

A

2-5 sec on

1:1

89
Q

Ramp time for chronic edema

A

1 sec

90
Q

Treatment duration for chronic edema:

A

30 mins

91
Q

Treatment frequency for chronic edema:

A

twice daily

92
Q

Forms for acute pain

A 
mono
bi 
quadri
interferential
russian
93
Q

Pulse duration for acute pain

A

50-80 us

94
Q

Pulse frequency for acute pain

A

100-150 pps

95
Q

Current amplitude for acute pain:

A

comfortable tingling

96
Q

Ramp time for acute pain

A

continuous

97
Q

Treatment duration for acute pain

A

up to 24 hours

98
Q

Treatment frequency for acute pain

A

prn

99
Q

Forms for chronic pain:

A

monophasic

biphasic (both)

100
Q

Pulse duration for chronic pain

A

200-300us

101
Q

Pulse frequency for chronic pain:

A

2-10 pps

102
Q

Current amplitude for chronic pain:

A

visible contraction

103
Q

On:off time for chronic pain

A

continuous

104
Q

Ramp time for chronic pain

A

continuous

105
Q

Treatment duration for chronic pain

A

20-30 mins

106
Q

Treatment duration for chronic pain:

A

q 2 hours

107
Q

Forms for wound healing

A

monophasic

108
Q

Where is electrode in Inflammatory phase?

A

negative at wound

109
Q

Pulse duration for wound healing:

A

40-100us

110
Q

Pulse frequency for wound healing:

A

60-125 pps

111
Q

Current amplitude for would healing:

A

comfortable tingling

112
Q

On:off time for wound healing:

A

continuous

113
Q

Ramp time for wound healing

A

continuous

114
Q

Treatment duration for would healing:

A

45-60 min

115
Q

Treatment frequency for wound healing

A

daily

116
Q

Where is the electrode for healing in proliferative phase?

A

positive at wound

117
Q

Form for reducing acute edema

A

monophasic

118
Q

Electrode for reducing acute edema

A

negative at site

119
Q

Pulse duration for acute edema:

A

40-100 us

120
Q

Pulse frequency for acute edema

A

100-125 pps

121
Q

Current amplitude for acute edema:

A

comfortable tingling

122
Q

On:Off time for acute edema:

A

continuous

123
Q

Ramp time for acute edema:

A

continuous

124
Q

Treatment duration for acute edema:

A

20-30 mins

125
Q

Treatment frequency for acute edema:

A

one or more times daily

126
Q

Effleurage

A

long, slow stroke with minimal drag

127
Q

Effects of effleurage:

A

Assists circulation
Decreases muscular tension
Can reduce pain

128
Q

Application effleurage:

A

Can be used to assess quality of client’s tissues
With thumbs, finger pads, palms, heels of hand, knuckles and even forearms
Most often used for applying and spreading massage cream

129
Q

Types of effleurage

A

superficial

deep

130
Q

Petrissage:

A

Kneading manipulations that press and roll the muscles

131
Q

Effects of petrissage:

A

Purpose?

Improves health of muscle tissue

132
Q

Application of petrissage:

A

Thicker tissues require more pressure
Applied to individual muscles or groups rather than body area
May want to minimize usage because of amount of muscular work required

133
Q

Variations of Petrissage

A

deep
wringing
skin rolling

134
Q

Tapotement or percussion:

A

Fast, rhythmic stroke (drumming)

135
Q

Application of tapotement:

A

Rhythmic, percussive strokes delivered quickly

Keep wrists and hands relaxed to affect deeper tissues without damaging superficial layers

Electrotherapy (9 decks)

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