Comp Exam Flashcards
Precautions for thermotherapy:
cardiac insufficiency, edema, impaired circulation, impaired thermal regulation, metal in treatment sites, pregnancy, open wound, demylination
Contraindications for thermotherapy:
acute and early subacute traumatic and inflammatory conditions, decreased circulation, decreased sensation, DVT, impaired cognitive function, malignant tumors, edema or hemorrhage, very you and very old
Hot pack heat:
165-170 F (70-75C)
20-30 mins
6-8 layers of towels
Paraffin temperature:
118-130 F melts
175 F sterilized
Contraindications to paraffin:
allergic rash, open wounds, recent scars and sutures, skin infections
Whirpool temperature
103-110 F
Whirpool temperature for peripheral vascular disease:
95-100 F
Whirpool precautions:
decreased temperature sensation, impaired cognition, recent skin graft, confusion/disorientation, deconditioned state
Cryotherapy precautions:
hypertension, impaired temperature sensation, open wound, over superficial nerve, very old or young, cognitive changes
Cryotherapy contraindications:
cold hypersensitivity, cold intolerance, cryoglobulinemia, peripheral vascular disease, impaired temperature sensation, Raynauds, paroxysa cold hemoglobinuria, over regenerating nerves
Cold pack temperatures:
0-10F
10-20 mins
Contrast bath time:
Warm water for 4 mins
Cold water for 1 min
Contrast bath hot temp:
100-111 F
Contrast bath cold temp:
55-65 F
Contrast bath indications:
conditions requiring stimulation of peripheral circulation in limbs, peripheral vascular disease, sprains, strains, trauma
Contrast bath contraindications:
advanced arteriosclerosis, arterial insufficiency, loss of sensation to heat and cold
When is pulsed US applied?
for nonthermal effects
US contraindications:
malignant tumor pregnancy CNS tissue joint cement plastic components pacemaker thrombophelbitis eyes reproductive organs
US precautions
acute inflammation
epiphyseal plates
fractures
breast implants
US frequency for deep tissue:
1MHz
US frequency for superficial tissue (1-2cm deep):
3 MHz
Duty cycle to increase temperature:
100%
Duty cycle for non thermal effects:
20% of lower
US indications:
pain, increase soft tissue extensibility or eliminate soft-tissue inflammation, accelerate rate of tissue healing, reduce or eliminate muscle spasms
US treatment intensity:
0.5-2.5 w/cm2
acute conditions: lower intensity
chronic conditions: higher intensity
Phonophoresis mode:
pulsed 20%
Phonophoresis treatment time:
5-10 mins
0.5–.75 w/cm2
Thermal diathermy goals:
increase joint ROM
pain
increased tissue healing
Nonthermal diathermy goals:
pain
decreased edema
resolution of acute and chronic infections
wound control and soft tissue healing
Thermal diathermy contraindications:
metal, malignancy, over the eyes, testes, epiphyses
Non-thermal diathermy contraindications:
diseased internal organs
metal loops
pace makers, or metal implants
Thermal diathermy precautions:
obesity
near electronic equipment
IUD
Non-thermal diathermy precautions:
pregnancy
skeletal immaturity
Most common diathermy frequency:
27.12 MHz
Traction contraindication:
where motion is contraindicated acute injury or inflammation joint hypermobility or instability peripherizilation of symptoms with traction uncontrolled hypertension
Traction precautions:
claustrophobia, hitial hernia,
vascular compromise, pregnancy, impaired cognition
tumor, osteoporosis, TMJ, RA, disc protrusion
Cervical traction should start at:
8-10 pounds
Cervical traction should not exceed:
30 pounds
Initial treatment time for cervical traction:
5-10 mins and for acute conditions
Disc protrusion cervical weight:
10-15 pounds
7-10% of body weight
Joint distraction cervical weight:
20-30 pounds
When is static traction recommended?
disc protrusions
and when symptoms are aggravated by motion
When is intermittent traction recommended?
disc protrusions
joint distraction
joint mobilization
What should lumbar traction not exceed?
50% of body weight
Lumbar weight during acute phase:
30-40 pounds
start at 30-45 pounds
Lumbar weight for disc protrusion and elongation of soft tissue:
25% of body weight
Lumbar weight for joint distraction:
50 pounds or 50% of body weight
Lumbar treatment time for herniated disc:
5-10 mins
10-30 for other conditions
Goals of electrical stimulation:
pain decrease muscle spasm impaired ROM muscle reeducation disuse atrophy wound healing
Electrical stimulation contraindications:
pacemakers or other electronic devices (insulin pumps)
unstable arrhythmia, epilepsy or seizures
carotid sinus
thrombosis
over eyes, thoracic region, bladder
low back during pregnancy
bleeding, superficial metal implants
Electrical stimulation precautions:
cardiac disease, impaired mentation/sensation
malignant tumors, open wounds
menstruating uterus
hypo or hypertension
Forms form muscle contractions strengthening for large muscles
biphasic symmetrical
Russian
Pulse duration for strengthening for large muscles:
200-350 us
Pulse frequency for strengthening large muscle:
35-80 pps