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Comp Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Precautions for thermotherapy:

A

cardiac insufficiency, edema, impaired circulation, impaired thermal regulation, metal in treatment sites, pregnancy, open wound, demylination

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2
Q

Contraindications for thermotherapy:

A

acute and early subacute traumatic and inflammatory conditions, decreased circulation, decreased sensation, DVT, impaired cognitive function, malignant tumors, edema or hemorrhage, very you and very old

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3
Q

Hot pack heat:

A

165-170 F (70-75C)
20-30 mins
6-8 layers of towels

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4
Q

Paraffin temperature:

A

118-130 F melts

175 F sterilized

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5
Q

Contraindications to paraffin:

A

allergic rash, open wounds, recent scars and sutures, skin infections

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6
Q

Whirpool temperature

A

103-110 F

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7
Q

Whirpool temperature for peripheral vascular disease:

A

95-100 F

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8
Q

Whirpool precautions:

A

decreased temperature sensation, impaired cognition, recent skin graft, confusion/disorientation, deconditioned state

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9
Q

Cryotherapy precautions:

A

hypertension, impaired temperature sensation, open wound, over superficial nerve, very old or young, cognitive changes

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10
Q

Cryotherapy contraindications:

A

cold hypersensitivity, cold intolerance, cryoglobulinemia, peripheral vascular disease, impaired temperature sensation, Raynauds, paroxysa cold hemoglobinuria, over regenerating nerves

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11
Q

Cold pack temperatures:

A

0-10F

10-20 mins

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12
Q

Contrast bath time:

A

Warm water for 4 mins

Cold water for 1 min

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13
Q

Contrast bath hot temp:

A

100-111 F

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14
Q

Contrast bath cold temp:

A

55-65 F

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15
Q

Contrast bath indications:

A

conditions requiring stimulation of peripheral circulation in limbs, peripheral vascular disease, sprains, strains, trauma

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16
Q

Contrast bath contraindications:

A

advanced arteriosclerosis, arterial insufficiency, loss of sensation to heat and cold

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17
Q

When is pulsed US applied?

A

for nonthermal effects

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18
Q

US contraindications:

A 
malignant tumor
pregnancy
CNS tissue
joint cement
plastic components
pacemaker
thrombophelbitis
eyes
reproductive organs
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19
Q

US precautions

A

acute inflammation
epiphyseal plates
fractures
breast implants

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20
Q

US frequency for deep tissue:

A

1MHz

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21
Q

US frequency for superficial tissue (1-2cm deep):

A

3 MHz

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22
Q

Duty cycle to increase temperature:

A

100%

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23
Q

Duty cycle for non thermal effects:

A

20% of lower

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24
Q

US indications:

A

pain, increase soft tissue extensibility or eliminate soft-tissue inflammation, accelerate rate of tissue healing, reduce or eliminate muscle spasms

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25
US treatment intensity:
0.5-2.5 w/cm2 acute conditions: lower intensity chronic conditions: higher intensity
26
Phonophoresis mode:
pulsed 20%
27
Phonophoresis treatment time:
5-10 mins | 0.5--.75 w/cm2
28
Thermal diathermy goals:
increase joint ROM pain increased tissue healing
29
Nonthermal diathermy goals:
pain decreased edema resolution of acute and chronic infections wound control and soft tissue healing
30
Thermal diathermy contraindications:
metal, malignancy, over the eyes, testes, epiphyses
31
Non-thermal diathermy contraindications:
diseased internal organs metal loops pace makers, or metal implants
32
Thermal diathermy precautions:
obesity near electronic equipment IUD
33
Non-thermal diathermy precautions:
pregnancy | skeletal immaturity
34
Most common diathermy frequency:
27.12 MHz
35
Traction contraindication:
``` where motion is contraindicated acute injury or inflammation joint hypermobility or instability peripherizilation of symptoms with traction uncontrolled hypertension ```
36
Traction precautions:
claustrophobia, hitial hernia, vascular compromise, pregnancy, impaired cognition tumor, osteoporosis, TMJ, RA, disc protrusion
37
Cervical traction should start at:
8-10 pounds
38
Cervical traction should not exceed:
30 pounds
39
Initial treatment time for cervical traction:
5-10 mins and for acute conditions
40
Disc protrusion cervical weight:
10-15 pounds | 7-10% of body weight
41
Joint distraction cervical weight:
20-30 pounds
42
When is static traction recommended?
disc protrusions | and when symptoms are aggravated by motion
43
When is intermittent traction recommended?
disc protrusions joint distraction joint mobilization
44
What should lumbar traction not exceed?
50% of body weight
45
Lumbar weight during acute phase:
30-40 pounds | start at 30-45 pounds
46
Lumbar weight for disc protrusion and elongation of soft tissue:
25% of body weight
47
Lumbar weight for joint distraction:
50 pounds or 50% of body weight
48
Lumbar treatment time for herniated disc:
5-10 mins | 10-30 for other conditions
49
Goals of electrical stimulation:
``` pain decrease muscle spasm impaired ROM muscle reeducation disuse atrophy wound healing ```
50
Electrical stimulation contraindications:
pacemakers or other electronic devices (insulin pumps) unstable arrhythmia, epilepsy or seizures carotid sinus thrombosis over eyes, thoracic region, bladder low back during pregnancy bleeding, superficial metal implants
51
Electrical stimulation precautions:
cardiac disease, impaired mentation/sensation malignant tumors, open wounds menstruating uterus hypo or hypertension
52
Forms form muscle contractions strengthening for large muscles
biphasic symmetrical | Russian
53
Pulse duration for strengthening for large muscles:
200-350 us
54
Pulse frequency for strengthening large muscle:
35-80 pps
55
Current amplitude for strengthening large muscles:
10% MVIC or 50% MVIC
56
On off time for strengthening large muscles:
6-10 sec on | 1:5 ratio
57
Ramp time for strengthening large muscles:
2 sec
58
Treatment duration for strengthening large muscles:
10-20 contractions
59
Treatment frequency for strengthening large muscles:
q 2-3 hours daily
60
Forms for strengthening small muscles:
biphasic asymmetrical biphasic symmetrical Russian
61
Pulse duration for strengthening small muscles;
150-200 us
62
Pulse frequency for strengthening small muscles:
35-80 pps
63
Current amplitude for strengthening small muscles:
10% MVIC or | 50% MVIC
64
On off time for strengthening small muscles:
6-10 sec on | 1:5 ratio
65
Ramp time for strengthening small muscles:
2 seconds
66
Treatment duration for strengthening small muscles:
10-20 contractions
67
Treatment frequency for strengthening small muscles:
q 2-3 hours daily
68
Forms for neuromuscular reeducation:
biphasic symmetrical | Russian
69
Pulse duration for neuromuscular reeducation:
200-350 us
70
Pulse frequency for neurmuscular reeducation:
35-50 pps
71
Current amplitude and on off time for neuromuscular reeducation:
timed with activity
72
Ramp time for neuromuscular reeducation:
2 sec
73
Treatment duration for neuromuscular reeducation:
10-20 contractions
74
Treatment frequency for neuromuscular reeducation:
as need for therapy
75
Pulse duration for neuromuscular reeducation of small muscles:
150-200us
76
Forms for reducing spasms
biphasic symmetrical biphasic asymmetrical (small) Russian
77
Pulse duration for reducing spasms
large: 200-350 us small: 150-200 us
78
Pulse frequency for reducing spasm:
35-50 pps
79
Current amplitude for reducing muscle spasm
visible contraction
80
On Off time for reducing muscle spasm
2-5 second on | 1:1
81
Ramp time for reducing muscle spasm:
1 sec
82
Treatment for reducing muscle spasm:
10-30 mins
83
Treatment frequency for reducing muscle spasm:
q 2-3 hours daily
84
Forms for reducing chronic edema:
Russian | biphasic-both forms (small)
85
Pulse duration for chronic edema
large 200-350 us | small 150-200 us
86
Pulse frequency for chronic edema:
35-50 pps
87
Current amplitude for chronic edema:
visible contraction
88
On: Off time for chronic edema:
2-5 sec on | 1:1
89
Ramp time for chronic edema
1 sec
90
Treatment duration for chronic edema:
30 mins
91
Treatment frequency for chronic edema:
twice daily
92
Forms for acute pain
``` mono bi quadri interferential russian ```
93
Pulse duration for acute pain
50-80 us
94
Pulse frequency for acute pain
100-150 pps
95
Current amplitude for acute pain:
comfortable tingling
96
Ramp time for acute pain
continuous
97
Treatment duration for acute pain
up to 24 hours
98
Treatment frequency for acute pain
prn
99
Forms for chronic pain:
monophasic | biphasic (both)
100
Pulse duration for chronic pain
200-300us
101
Pulse frequency for chronic pain:
2-10 pps
102
Current amplitude for chronic pain:
visible contraction
103
On:off time for chronic pain
continuous
104
Ramp time for chronic pain
continuous
105
Treatment duration for chronic pain
20-30 mins
106
Treatment duration for chronic pain:
q 2 hours
107
Forms for wound healing
monophasic
108
Where is electrode in Inflammatory phase?
negative at wound
109
Pulse duration for wound healing:
40-100us
110
Pulse frequency for wound healing:
60-125 pps
111
Current amplitude for would healing:
comfortable tingling
112
On:off time for wound healing:
continuous
113
Ramp time for wound healing
continuous
114
Treatment duration for would healing:
45-60 min
115
Treatment frequency for wound healing
daily
116
Where is the electrode for healing in proliferative phase?
positive at wound
117
Form for reducing acute edema
monophasic
118
Electrode for reducing acute edema
negative at site
119
Pulse duration for acute edema:
40-100 us
120
Pulse frequency for acute edema
100-125 pps
121
Current amplitude for acute edema:
comfortable tingling
122
On:Off time for acute edema:
continuous
123
Ramp time for acute edema:
continuous
124
Treatment duration for acute edema:
20-30 mins
125
Treatment frequency for acute edema:
one or more times daily
126
Effleurage
long, slow stroke with minimal drag
127
Effects of effleurage:
Assists circulation Decreases muscular tension Can reduce pain
128
Application effleurage:
Can be used to assess quality of client’s tissues With thumbs, finger pads, palms, heels of hand, knuckles and even forearms Most often used for applying and spreading massage cream
129
Types of effleurage
superficial | deep
130
Petrissage:
Kneading manipulations that press and roll the muscles
131
Effects of petrissage:
Purpose? | Improves health of muscle tissue
132
Application of petrissage:
Thicker tissues require more pressure Applied to individual muscles or groups rather than body area May want to minimize usage because of amount of muscular work required
133
Variations of Petrissage
deep wringing skin rolling
134
Tapotement or percussion:
Fast, rhythmic stroke (drumming)
135
Application of tapotement:
Rhythmic, percussive strokes delivered quickly | Keep wrists and hands relaxed to affect deeper tissues without damaging superficial layers

Electrotherapy (9 decks)

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