Communication Flashcards
Definition
Communication is the transmission of information, or the exchange of meaning, between at least two people (Buchanan and hucyznski,2010)
Different communication models
Aristotle’s communication process
Sender-message-receiver
Laswell’s five elements 1948
Sender-message-channel-receiver-effect
Shannon weaver model 1949
Sender-message-encoding-medium- decoding by receiver
Feedback stage
Receiver( now sender)- message- encoding-medium-deciding by sender (now receiver)
What do the modes tel us
Communication is difficult to theorise
Communication is rational,relational and emotional
Communication is interpreted and subjective
Communication is often ineffective and interrupted
Barriers to communication
Anything that alters the understanding of a message and makes it different to the intended message
You
Examples of B to C
Filtering - intentionally adapting messages so the receiver will understand it more favourably
Selective perception- dispositions that interfere with, or inaccurately read into, the transmission or receipt of messages
Noise- factors external to the communication process that interfere or distract attention from the transmission of intended meaning
Others
Gender -comm patterns , assumptions
Power differentials
Culture
Emotions
Meharbian
Argued non verbal communication is very important
55% non verbal
38% vocal elements
7% content of message
Effective communication
Communication is effective when the recipient of the message understands it’s meaning and can express the meaning back
McIntosh 2008
Impression management
The process whereby people seek to confirm the image others have of them
Methods include
Verbal and non verbal
Appearance
Physical behaviour
Emotional intelligence
The ability to understand and manage moods and emotions in the self and others, contributes to effective leadership in organisations
George 2000
Aristotelian rhetoric
Ethos - credibility trust
Logos- argument logic
Pathos-emotion imagination
