common peds problems

Question 1

Abnormal Cl and Na distribution across cell membraines due to an autosomal recessive disease affecting chromosome 7

Answer 1

CF

Question 2

Common pathogen in CF

Answer 2

pseudomonas and staph

Question 3

why is this so common?

Answer 3

1/40 carriers

Question 4

what’s the first sign of CF (assuming you hadn’t been tested prenatally)

Answer 4

no stool w/in 24 hours of birth

Question 5

what’s the definitive dx test for CF?

Answer 5

chloride sweat test

Question 6

why do CF kids have failure to thrive despite good appetites?

Answer 6

pancreatic insufficiency

Question 7

why do CF kids have bulky stinky stools?

Answer 7

malabsorption

Question 8

T/F: nasal polyps and rectal prolapse are common with CF

Answer 8

true

Question 9

what are some dietary recommendations for CF?

Answer 9

high calorie/protein/fat. Salt supplement

Question 10

what medications are common for CF?

Answer 10

ibuprofen, recombinant DNAse inhalation, aggressive abx, PRN

Question 11

common complications of CF?

Answer 11

DM from pancreatic obstruction, LF, infertility, lung infections

Question 12

most CF pt’s have a _____________mutation which prevents protein transport

Answer 12

Delta F508

Question 13

A more rare __________mutation of the CFTR protein limits chloride flow through cell membranes

Answer 13

G551D

Question 14

common cause of airway obstruction that is typically benign and due to a cartilage problem of the supraglottic structure

Answer 14

laryngomalacia

Question 15

dx of laryngomalacia

Answer 15

stridor in first 6 weeks of life prompts laryngoscopy

Question 16

tx of laryngomalacia

Answer 16

most resolve by 2-3 years, severe needs sx

Question 17

what might you suspect in kids with colic, refusal to eat, or FTT?

Answer 17

GERD

Question 18

how should you tx GERD?

Answer 18

thicken food, hold upright, H2/PPI

Question 19

first born male who was given erythromycin for infection might present with postprandial vomiting, constipation, and wt loss.

Answer 19

pyloric stenosis

Question 20

what might you notice on PE for kid with pyloric stenosis?

Answer 20

palpable olive shaped pylorus in RUQ, visible peristalsis prior to vomiting

Question 21

How do you tx pyloric stenosis?

Answer 21

stool softeners/mineral oil, correct electrolyte imbalance (chloride replacement), surgical pyloromyotomy

Question 22

Dx of constipation can be made in kids with 2/6 s/s:

Answer 22

1) < 3 BM/week
2) bowel incontinence
3) impaction
4) clogging toilet
5) fecal withholding
6) pain with defecation

Question 23

tx of constipation

Answer 23

1) fiber
2) stool softener
3) GI RFL

Question 24

__________ is the most common cause of acute diarrhea in kids < 15 months

Answer 24

rotavirus

Question 25

What acid/base disorder results from severe diarrhea?

Answer 25

metabolic acidosis, bicarb loss in stool

Question 26

tx of diarrhea

Answer 26

electrolyte replacement: pedialyte

Question 27

a week or so following a strep infection, your child has tea colored urine. wtf?

Answer 27

post streptococcal glomerulonephritis….just monitor