Common Minor Trauma

Question 1

head trauma is categorized according to ____. What constitutes minor head traumA?

Answer 1

Often categorized by GCS:

• GCS 14-15: mild **most common

• GCS 9-13: moderate
• GCS ≤8: severe

Question 2

outline the CATCH2 algorithm to see if you should CT a kid with GCS14 for minor head trauma

Answer 2

Any ONE finding:

1. GCS score <15 at 2 hours
2. suspected open or depressed skull fracture
3. history of worsening headache
4. irritability on examination
5. any sign of basal skull fracture
6. large boggy hematoma
7. dangerous mechanism of injury
8. >4 episodes of vomiting

Question 3

3 key signs of skull vault fracture

Answer 3

1. raccoom eyes
2. battle’s sign
3. hemotympanum

Question 4

define concussion

Answer 4

raumatically or biomechanically induced brain injury with functional but not structural changes, of variable severity, that usually but not always resolves

Question 5

usually kids recover from concussions in 2-4 weeks. what are risk factors for persistent post concussion symptoms

Answer 5

Risk factors for persistent post concussion symptoms: female sex, age >13 years, physician-diagnosed migraine history, prior concussion with symptoms >1 week, headache, sensitivity to noise, fatigue, answering questions slowly, >4 errors on balance error scoring system tandem stance.

Question 6

Type I vs type V vs type IV salter harris fracture

Answer 6

type 1: complete physeal fracture without displacement

type V: a compression fracture of the growth playe

type IV: physeal fracture PLUS epiphyseal and metaphyseal fracture

Question 7

indications for skin glue to fix a minor laceration

Answer 7

short <5cm

shallow

not gaping <5mm gap between wound edges

straight

Question 8

skin glue contraindications

Answer 8

jagged, over a high tension area (joint), large or gaping, over a mucosal surface that is continuously wet, in axilla or groin, bite puncture wound

Question 9

If you can, you should try ___ a laceration as method of closure

Answer 9

glue