Common brain lesions

Question 1

Hyperorality, hypersexuality, disinhibited behavior

Answer 1

Bilateral amygdala lesions, associated with HSV-1

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome

Question 2

Re-emergence of primitive reflexes, disinhibition

Answer 2

Frontal lobe

Question 3

Spatial neglect syndrome (agnosia of the contralateral side of the world)

Answer 3

Right parietal lobe

Question 4

Reduced levels of arousal and wakefulness

Answer 4

Reticular activating system (midbrain)

Question 5

Confusion, opthalmoplegia, ataxia, memory loss (anterograde and retrograde amnesia), confabulation, personality changes

Answer 5

Mamillary bodies (bilateral)
Wernicke-Korsakoff

Question 6

Tremor at rest, chorea, or athetosis

Answer 6

Basal Ganglia

Question 7

Intention tremor, limb ataxia, loss of balance

Answer 7

Cerebellar hemispheres (lateral limbs)
Ipsilateral defects
Fall toward the side of the lesion

Question 8

Truncal ataxia, dysarthria

Answer 8

Cerebellar vermis

Question 9

Contralateral hemiballismus

Answer 9

STN

Question 10

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 10

Inability to form new memories

Hippocampus

Question 11

Risk of __________ due to blood breakdown after a subarachnoid hemorrhage (2-3 days). Treat with a cerebro-selective Ca2+ channel blocker _________.

Answer 11

vasospasm

nimodipine

Question 12

An epidural hemhorrage (high pressure, rapid expansion) can cause uncal herniation and a ___ nerve palsy

Answer 12

III CN