commercial ACS

Question 1

certification requirements

Answer 1

250 hours total, 100 hrs PIC, 50 hrs xc, 10 hrs hood, 10 hrs, be 18

Question 2

recent flight experience

Answer 2

biannual flight review; to carry pax 3 takeoffs 3 landings preceding 90 days; carry pax at night 3 t/o 3 landings 1 hr after sunset 1 hr before sunrise

Question 3

privileges of a commercial pilot

Answer 3

carry persons or property for compensation or hire, do anything under part 119.1

Question 4

limitations of commercial pilot

Answer 4

if you don’t have an instrument rating you can’t fly xc with pax in excess of 50 miles or at night

Question 5

medicals

Answer 5

2nd class minimum

Question 6

medicals FAR

Answer 6

61 - limitations; 67 - standards and certification

Question 7

basic med (part 68)

Answer 7

cannot fly for comp or hire, no more than 5 pax, no more than 6 seats or 6000 lbs max cert takeoff weight, speed 250 or under, below 18000 ft

Question 8

documents required to exercise privileges

Answer 8

valid gov id, medical, pilot cert

Question 9

airworthiness docs

Answer 9

airworthiness cert, registration, radio station license, operating limitations, weight and balance, placards, data plate, compass deviation card

Question 10

inspections

Answer 10

annual (12), ADs, VOR (30 days), 100 hr, altimeter/static system (24 ), transponder (24), ELT (12), service bulletins

Question 11

purposes for getting a special flight permit

Answer 11

flying airplane to a point of repair, maintenance, storage, or operation, delivering a new aircraft, production test flights, evacuating from impeding danger, customer demonstration flights, excess weight operation (operating above maximum weight limitations)

Question 12

preventative maintenance FAR

Answer 12

part 43

Question 13

inop equipment flow

Answer 13

1. MEL
2. KOEL/POH
3. FARs

Question 14

flying with inop equipment

Answer 14

disconnect/disable, placard, log in maintenance logs

Question 15

sources of wx data

Answer 15

AWC, 1800wx brief, NOAA

Question 16

enroute wx data

Answer 16

XM radio, airport METARs, atc workload permitting, ATIS/ASOS/AWOS

Question 17

atmospheric composition

Answer 17

78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other

Question 18

layers of the atmosphere

Answer 18

troposphere, tropopause, stratosphere, stratopause, mesosphere mesopause, thermosphere, thermopause, exosphere

Question 19

atmospheric stability

Answer 19

the ability to resist vertical displacement

Question 20

what causes wind

Answer 20

the unequal heating of earths surface; this creates pressure and changes in pressure creates horizontal convection known as wind

Question 21

forces effecting wind heading and force

Answer 21

1. pressure differences - cold air moves from poles to equator and at equator air heats up and rises back to poles
2. Coriolis force - due to earths rotation northern hemisphere winds are deflected to the right southern to the left
3. friction - wind speed is affected by the friction at the surface

Question 22

temperature

Answer 22

heat=energy; temperature is the driving force of wind; temperature inversions are caused by the surface cooling faster than the surrounding air

Question 23

what determines the severity of clouds and precip in a front

Answer 23

1. moisture available
2. stability of the lifted air
3. slope of the front
4. speed of the frontal movement
5. contrast of temperature and moisture between the two fronts

Question 24

what are the high level clouds

Answer 24

cirrus, cirrocumulus, cirrostratus

Question 25

what are the mid level clouds

Answer 25

altocumulus, alto stratus, nimbostratus

Question 26

what are the low level clouds

Answer 26

cumulus, cumulonimbus, stratocumulus, stratus

Question 27

turbulence

Answer 27

an irregular motion of the air resulting from vertical currents and eddies (local irregularity of wind in a larger scale wind flow)

Question 28

turbulence severities

Answer 28

light, moderate, severe, extreme

Question 29

microburst

Answer 29

localized column of sinking air (downdraft) within a thunderstorm; wet and dry microburst; wet microburst - accompanied by extreme precipitation

Question 30

4 types of thunderstorms

Answer 30

single cell, multi cell, super cell, squall line

Question 31

single cell

Answer 31

“popcorn”; small, brief, weak storms that grow and die within an hour or so; typically driven by heating on a summer afternoon; produce brief heavy rain and lightning

Question 32

multi cell

Answer 32

common, garden-variety thunderstorm in which new updrafts form along the leading edge of rain-cooled air (the gust front); usually last 30 to 60 minutes, while the system as a whole may last for many hours; produce hail, strong winds, brief tornadoes, and/or flooding

Question 33

super cell

Answer 33

a long-lived (greater than 1 hour) and highly organized storm feeding off an updraft (a rising current of air) that is tilted and rotating; rotating updraft - as large as 10 miles in diameter and up to 50,000 feet tall - can be present as much as 20 to 60 minutes before a tornado forms; tornado is a very small extension of this larger rotation so most large and violent tornadoes come from supercells

Question 34

squall line

Answer 34

a group of storms arranged in a line, often accompanied by “squalls” of high wind and heavy rain; tend to pass quickly and are less prone to produce tornadoes than are supercells; can be hundreds of miles long but are typically only 10 or 20 miles wide

Question 35

clear ice

Answer 35

heavy coating of glassy ice which forms when flying in areas with high concentration of large supercooled water droplets, such as cumuliform clouds and freezing rain; spreads, often unevenly, over wing and tail surfaces, propeller blades, antennas, etc; forms when only a small part of the supercooled water droplet freezes on impact

Question 36

rime ice

Answer 36

opaque, or milky white, deposit of ice that forms when the airplane is flying through filmy/stratiform clouds; dependent on a low rate of catch of small supercooled water droplets. It accumulates on the leading edges of wings and on antennas, pilot heads, etc

Question 37

mixed

Answer 37

has the properties of both clear and rime icing; large and small supercooled droplets coexist; appearance is whitish, irregular and rough; favorable conditions include liquid and frozen particles found in the colder portion of the cumuliform cloud and wet snow flakes; accumulates rapidly and is difficult to remove

Question 38

what are the different kinds of briefings

Answer 38

standard (not received a previous briefing), outlook (6 or more ours before departure), abbreviated (1 or two specific items or update previous briefing)

Question 39

what is the purpose of a VFR flight plan

Answer 39

helps reduce workers find you if you crash

Question 40

where can you file a VFR flight plan

Answer 40

call 1800 wx brief, 1800wxbrief.com, foreflight

Question 41

how do you open VFR flight plan

Answer 41

call FSS on ground or in the air or activate in foreflight

Question 42

class A requirements

Answer 42

IFR rated and ADSB-out

Question 43

class B requirements

Answer 43

clearance, ADSB-out, two way comms, mode c transponder

Question 44

class C requirements

Answer 44

ADSB-out, mode c transponder, two way comms

Question 45

class D requirements

Answer 45

two way comms

Question 46

class E requirements

Answer 46

above 10,000 excluding below 2,500 mode c transponder and ADSB-out