Combustion Reactions

Question 1

When does a combustion reaction occur?

Answer 1

whenever oxygen is a reactant - energy is also released in the form of heat or light

Question 2

What are the three types of combustion?

Answer 2

1. metal combustion
2. nonmetal combustion
3. hydrocarbon combustion

Question 3

What are the two kinds of hydrocarbon combustion?

Answer 3

complete and incomplete

Question 4

Combustion of metals

Answer 4

metal + oxygen gas →metal oxide

Question 5

combustion of non-metals

Answer 5

nonmetal + oxygen → nonmetal oxide )also classified as synthesis reactions

Question 6

When does complete combustion of hydrocarbons occur?

Answer 6

when all the carbons in the hydrocarbon fully react with oxygen to form carbon dioxide

Question 7

What is the general formula for complete combustion?

Answer 7

hydrocarbon + oxygen gas → carbon dioxide + water

Question 8

When does incomplete combustion occur?

Answer 8

when not all of the carbons are fully reacted with oxygen

Question 9

what does incomplete combustion result in?

Answer 9

carbon products that are connected to fewer than 2 oxygen atoms, there is not one single balanced chemical equation.

Question 10

What are 3 unregulated car emmissions?

Answer 10

• nitrogen gas (most passes right through car engine, 78% of air)
• carbon dioxide (contribute to global warming)
• water vapour

Question 11

what are 3 regulated components of car emssions?

Answer 11

• nitrogen oxides (contribute to smog and acid rain, cuases irritation to human mucus membranes, product of oxidization)
• carbon monoxide (poisonous gas that is colorless and odorless)
• hydrocarbons (major component of smog produced mostly from evaporated, unburned fuel)

Question 12

What is a catalytic converter?

Answer 12

a thing that converts harmful pollutants into less harmful emission before they ever leave the car’s exhaust system

Question 13

What is a catalyst?

Answer 13

a substance that makes a chemical reaction occur faster, but it itsels is not use up or consumed in the reaction.

Question 14

When does teh catalytic converter only work well?

Answer 14

when the engine is hot

Question 15

What are oxidization catalysts, and how to they work?

Answer 15

platinum and palladium

helpes burn the unburned CO and hydrocarbons with the remaining oxygen in the exhaust gas to produce the harmless carbon dioxide and water

Question 16

What are the reduction catalysts of NO and NO2? How to the work?

Answer 16

platinum and rhodium

• catalyst rips the ntrogen atom out of NO or No2 and hols onto it.
• frees up the oxygen in the form of O2
• nitrogen atoms bond with other nitrogen atoms that are also stuck to the catalyst forming N2