colorectal cancer Flashcards
1
Q
risk factors?
A
family history familial adenomatous polyposis hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch) IBD age diet - red meat obesity smoking alcohol
2
Q
what is FAP?
A
an autosomal dominant disease:
malfunction of tumour suppressor genes leading to lots of adenomas (polyps) along the large intestine.
Often become cancerous before 40yrs.
Patients have prophylactic surgery to remove large intestine.
3
Q
what is Lynch syndrome?
A
autosomal dominant condition:
higher risk of a number of cancers
it DOES NOT cause polyps (like FAP) and tumours develop in isolation.
4
Q
presentation?
A
change in bowel habit unexplained weight loss rectal bleeding abdominal pain iron deficiency anaemia abdominal or rectal mass
5
Q
who qualifies for the 2 week referal?
A
> 40 yrs with abdominal pain + weight loss
50 with rectal bleeding
60 with iron deficiency anaemia or change in bowel habit
6
Q
what is the screening?
A
faecal immunochemical test
screening is done evert 2 yrs and if positive, patients are sent for colonoscopy.
7
Q
gold standard investigation?
A
colonoscopy
