Colony Foundations

Question 1

Jamestown

Answer 1

Started as a corporate colony but was taken over by James I
Hella diseases, starvation! and conflict with NAs (Anglo Powhatan wars)
But profitable bc of tobacco!

Question 2

Plymouth

Answer 2

Colonized by separatists seeking religious freedom(pilgrims)- wanted to create a completely separate church
Helped by friendly native Americans and grew slowly

Question 3

Massachusetts bay

Answer 3

Puritans- wanted to purify Anglican Church of Catholicism

Great migration- 15,000 more settlers come after the civil war in England in the 1630s

Question 4

House of burgesses

Answer 4

Representative assembly in Virginia

Question 5

Mayflower compact

Answer 5

Signed on the mayflower

Pledged to make decisions by majority rule (of white male property owning puritans)

Question 6

Maryland and act of toleration

Answer 6

King Charles I divided Virginia and gave part to lord Baltimore
Act of toleration grants freedom of religion to all Christians
Leads to Protestant revolt that repealed the act of toleration

Question 7

Bacons rebellion

Answer 7

Nathaniel bacon, a poor farmer in VA, revolted against the control exercised by a few rich farmers 
Was eventually suppressed, but highlights class conflicts and colonial resistance to royal control

Question 8

Rhode Island

Answer 8

Roger Williams was banished from MA, fled south and founded providence
This recognized rights of Indians and allowed Catholics, Quakers, and Jews to practice
Anne Hutchinson was also banished and formed Portsmouth

Question 9

Connecticut

Answer 9

Thomas hooker led puritans who were unhappy with MA authorities and founded Hartford
Wrote fundamental orders of Connecticut (first constitution)- established assembly and a governor

Question 10

New Hampshire

Answer 10

Hoping to increase royal control, Charles ii split it from MA and appointed a governor

Question 11

Halfway covenant

Answer 11

You could be a partial church member even if you didn’t have a conversion experience
Shows that strict Puritan practices are weakening

Question 12

New England confederation

Answer 12

Plymouth, MA Bay, Connecticut, and new haven formed a military alliance to fight off Indians
Established precedent for colonies unifying toward a common purpose

Question 13

King Philips war

Answer 13

Chief of Wampanoags is metacom (or king Philip)
After an English settler is murdered, the English attack the Wampanoags, massacres happen on both sides
English win, ending Indian resistance

Question 14

Restoration colonies

Answer 14

Carolina’s, NY, NJ, DE, PA, GA

Question 15

Carolina’s

Answer 15

Charles ii grants land to nobles after his restoration
South is based on rice plantations with slaves
North is based on self sufficient tobacco farms (p democratic)

Question 16

New York

Answer 16

Originally settled by Dutch

James ii ordered new taxes without asking an assembly, people get mad, so James gives them rights

Question 17

New Jersey

Answer 17

Eventually sold to groups of Quakers, but then becomes a royal colony

Question 18

Pennsylvania

Answer 18

Quakers believed in equality for all and that religious authority was in the soul, not the bible
Penn creates religious refuge for all
Frame of govt- guarantees representative assembly and a written constitution

Question 19

Delaware

Answer 19

Granted its own assembly by penn

Question 20

Georgia

Answer 20

Created by Britain to be a defensive buffer to rich SC farms
Debtors colony
James Oglethorpe and other philanthropists founded savannah with strict rules banning drinking and slavery
Became a royal colony, but still small and poor

Question 21

3 types of colonies

Answer 21

Corporate colonies (joint stock companies)
Royal colonies (under direct rule of the king)
Proprietary colonies (individuals granted charters by the king