COLONALAZATION Flashcards
Import and export both…
Exchange goods/are part of Commerce
Import
To bring in
To send out
Export
Ex Import
Ex. Colonies-manufactured goods paint,tea,cloth from England
Ex Export
Colonies- raw materials Tobacco, indigo, Wheat, Whale dil to England
3 important things about Mercantilism
- Purpose was to make parent country wealthy and powerful
- Colonies supply raw materials and by manufactured goods from the parent country
- navigation acts passed by Parliament to help policy succeed
What factors helped the English Colony Succeed
Good harbors
Plenty of supplys
People who work
What factors led to difficulty or failure in the English Colony
Poor harbors Lack of supplys Lazy colonists Lack of funds Trouble with Native Americans Lack of foods
4 IMPORTANT details about Jamestown
First success for English settlement
Tobacco farming profitable
House of Burgesses made laws in Virginia
Many colonists died in the starving time
Pilgrims
Signed the Mayflower compact
got help from Indians landed and wrong place (Plymouth)
wanted religious freedom
Puritans
Wanted religious freedom settled in Massachusetts kicked out dissenters Salem witch trails
What was the Mayflower compact
Pilgrims signed because charter was void it explains how they would organize their settlement set up self government
Parliament
Made laws for English empire
House of Burgesses…
Made laws for Virginia
John Smith
Saves James town during starving time no work no eat
John Rolfe
Successfully grow tobacco and examine it, made Virginia and economically successful colony married Pocahontas
Pocahontas
Teaches colonists to farm makes peace between colonists and Indians married to John Rolfe
Peter Zanger
His court case established the domacrocy from symbol of freedom of the press
William Penn
Founder of Pennsylvania quaker to treating with Indians fair honest
Eliza Lucas
Developed indigo into a successful cash crop
Describe the colony new Netherlands
Started for profit from trade
English eventually take over
Henry Hudson clean Hudson river to Dutch
Peter Stuyvesant was governor
Copied life in Netherlands examples canals, wind mills, bowling, golf, Saint Nick Cruellers, ice skating
What Colony took over New Neatherlands
England
How did Southern plantation owners feel about indentured servant’s as a labor source
Not there forever for seven years
may not work very hard
at some right away blended in with other colleges
How did Southern plantation owners feel about Native Americans as a labor source
Some treaties made this difficult
easy to run away
many died from European diseases
How did Southern plantation owners feel about African slaves as a labor source
Did not know land difficult to run away easy to find if run away
more annual European diseases considered property no work force favorite workforce
Tell for important things about the slave trade during colonization
Part of triangle trade
sold it auctions
middle passage voige across Atlantic
mainly used in plantation and other southern colonies
Royal colony
Owned by a king or queen example New York
Charter colony
Owned by a company or a group of investors example Massachusetts
Proprietary colony
Owned by a person who is a friend of the monarch or is owed a favor example Pennsylvania
By 1775 all 13 English colonies became this type of colony…
Royal colony
That’s the 13 English colonies were divided into 3 sections
New England
middle
southern
the colonies were divided into three sections because the colonies in each section were similar in climate for a season reasons for settlement exports beliefs etc.
Reading
In someway all 13 English colonies were the same for example all 13 colonies…
Had to trade with England had to obey England/parliaments laws
were bordered on the east by the Atlantic ocean
New England
Puritans pilgrim
ship building manufacturing lumbering shipping public schools religious intolerance whaling fishing a few slaves a very religious call me revolved around the sea
Middle
Quakers wheat breadbaskets
religious tolerance
barley oats religious/ethnic schools political freedom
Southern
Indigo rice
wealthy children educated profit #1 tutors
plantation many slaves tobacco Church of England imitate England
All 13 colonies
farming
border Atlantic ocean obey parliament
Trade with England
Used Mercantilism
Southern and middle
Country
New England and middle
Towns
Queen Elisabeth
Gave sir Walter Raleigh permission to start Roanoke
BackCountry began at the… Where waterfalls prevented large boats from moving up river
Fall line
Piedmont means
Foot of the mts
Large plateau that leads to the Blue Ridge Mountains in the Southern colonies
In the backcountry settlers paid for goods with…
Deer skin
Deerskin is nicknamed … it came to mean a unit of value or money
Buck
During the 1700s many stops Irish immigrants moved to the back country because of my political and economic trouble in England
Large groups of families that claim a common ancestor called clans
The scots-Irish brought this system with them and used it to help them overcome problems and provide protection for their familyies
Before arriving with the Spanish there were no horses in North America the native Americans began to capture these animals and use them to hunt buffalo
As English settlers pushed west into the back country they came into conflict with the Native Americans, the French and the Spanish, while these groups would struggle to control the continent the English colonies began to unite
The people of the back country
For shelter they…
Lived in log cabins used lumber from forests filled holes/gaps with mud mass and clay, paper for windows
The people in the back country
for food they…
Ate pigs, cattle, fish, wild game such a turkey, and deer, farm
People in the back country
for furniture they…
Used cornhusk mattresses and homemade benches and tables
Where and how do you think the children of the back country were educated
At home or maybe a neighborhood if they were lucky by their parents
What do you think the children learned
Survival skills, how to hunt fish, Build homes,Cook made clothes, care for a family
The appellation Mountains stretch from eastern Canada south to Alabama
Read
What is indigo
Rich blue dye from a colorless substance found in indigo plant
What was the first colony the English attempted to start
Roanoke
What was the first successful English Colony
Jamestown
What country was Henry Hutson sailing?
Neatherlands / Holland
Dutch influence of American Caulture
Cookies, cards, Easter eggs, Yahts, boss, Santa Claus, coleslaw, bowling, your sellers, Christmas stockings, golfing, bowling, ice-skating,
What was the English name for new Netherlands
New York
What was the English name for new Amsterdam
New York City
What was the English name for fort orange
Albany
To whom did king Charles give new Netherlands as a gift
Duke of York (brother)
Peter Williams
Founded Rhode Island for religious freedom for the Spariton of church and state at those the taking of Indian Island
Anne Hutchinson
Challenge the Puritan church believes that people could worship on their own
Talon is restarted to benefit the mother/parent country of the one of the countries in Europe first the colonists grew crops such as…
Sugarcane, wheat, tobacco, indigo, and rice
Counties were expected to buy raw materials such as…
Lumber, cotton, Iorn, and furs that could be used by manufacturing companies in the parent country
Who changed Olaudah’s name to the Gustavus Vassa
One of his owners
Describe the conditions on the slave ship
Smell, diseases, death, sickness, people being suffocated, chains left bruises screaming sounds of people dying
Why did William Penn become a Quaker?
He did not like the law that said you can only be angelican, and saw how the Quakers helped people
Main reason founded
New England
Middle
Southern
Religious freedom
religious freedom
political freedom
profit
profit
Local government
N
M
S
Towns used to elect officials also so local issues could be discussed they were self governed
Mix of towns and countries subdivisions of the colony self governed
Countries justice of peace self gov
Main exports
N
M
S
Furs, skittles, cattle, grain, fish, iron, ships, rum, lumbar, whaling products
Grain such as wheat and other cash crops Barkly
Furs, skins cattle grain tobacco rice timber naval supplies indigo pigs and corn
Use of slaves
N
M
S
Few slaves usually indentured servant’s
some slaves damanded on it
a lot of slaves used to drain swamps, clear land, plant, harvest
Describe farming size and purpose
N
M
S
Not easy, season with short. Rocky substance farming. Care for themselves left a little for trading. Own use.
Longer growing season. Soil rich enough to grow cash crops. Worked by family
swampy low lands grew rice and indigo. Plantation farming. Small farms
Highlights
N
M
S
That kind of me revolves around the sea (Atlantic Ocean) only use
Nickname was the bread basket because they grew so much grain mills - crushed grain to produce flower or meal
The economy centered on the use of plantations
Growing season
N
M
S
3 to 5 months short growing season. 5 to 7 months. 7-12 months longer in season.
Soil
N
M
S
Rocky soil, least fertile good fishing grounds. Fertile.
Very fertile soil.
Climate
N
M
S
Long winters
short winters
warm
Main port cities
N
M
S
Boston, Portsmouth, Salam.
New York City, Philadelphia.
Baltimore, Charlestown, Savannah, Jamestown.
Boundaries of the 13 colonies
north south east and west
North new France French territory
East Atlantic ocean
South Spanish Florida Spain
West Appelation Mountains
Who educated mostly boys some girls
New England
Where were they educated New England
Public
What was taught New England
Read the Bible, write, math
Girls African Americans Indians boys were educated where?
Middle
Which colony attended private schools
Middle
What was taught in the middle colonies
Religion, reading, writing, math, culture
Wealthy families were educated in which colony
Southern
Where were the southern educated
Family’s hired tutors
What was fought is the southern?
Reading, writing, math
Opinion on slavery
N
M
S
Not needed as much, more like servants. Something that it was fine. Viewed as property supported slaves.
Main religion influence
N
M
S
Puritan
Quakers
Anglican Church
Importance of religion day today
N
M
S
Dominated life (part of everything) school, home, work, government
Important-guided how people lived or tolerated those who were different
Part of life, didn’t control their life
All regularly attended church
Other
N
M
S
None
This section is known for religious tolerance
¿Who did they try to imitate? nobels in England
