colon cancer and ostomies

Question 1

rf colon cancer is highest in clients with hx of

Answer 1

inflammatory bowel disease

faily hx of colon cancer

Question 2

75% survival rate if

Answer 2

caught and treated early

Question 3

hereditary colon cancer

Answer 3

6%

Question 4

diet that people at rf colon cancer

Answer 4

high fat, high protien, decreased fiber

Question 5

colon cancer may start as

Answer 5

a benign polyp, become malignant, invade and destroy normal tissues, mets to the liver, peritoneum and lungs

Question 6

common symptoms of colon cancer

Answer 6

change in bowel habits
passage of blood in stool 
anorexia 
wt loss 
fatigue

Question 7

right sided lesions

Answer 7

dull abd pain and melena (black tarry stools)

Question 8

left sided lesions

Answer 8

symptoms associated with obstructions (cramping, narrowing stools, constipation, distension, bright red tarry stools

Question 9

retal lesions

Answer 9

tenemus, rectal apin. reeling of incomplete evacuation, alternating diarrhea, constipation, bloody stools
pt unsymptomatic untill late stages

Question 10

diagnostics of colorectal cancer

Answer 10

physical exam
fecal occult blood
barium enema- do last so you can do other tests
proctosigmoidoscopy
colonoscopy
identified by colonoscopy smears and biopsy

Question 11

CEA studies

Answer 11

monitors prognosis after resection, should be normal after 48 hrs, not as reliable as PSA

Question 12

complications rt tumor growth

Answer 12

obstruction 
perferation
abcess 
peritonitis 
sepsis 
shock 
extension of tumor

Question 13

treatment of colon cancer

Answer 13

chemo and surgical resection- alot more effective

chemo- 5-fu and leucovorin (a lot more effective)

Question 14

types of surgical excisions

Answer 14

segmentail resection w anatamostis
abdominal peritoneal resection with permanent sigmoid colostomy
temporary or permanent sigmoid colostomies

Question 15

PCs of colorectal cancer

Answer 15

intraperitoneal infection 
large bowel obstruction 
GI bleed 
bowel perferation 
peritonitis, abscess, sepsis

Question 16

surgical preparation for colorectal cancer

Answer 16

build clients stamina prior to procedure (exercise/good diet)
increase calories, protien, CHO, decrease residual diet, full liquid diet 24-48hrs before to decrease bulk
TPN may be needed to replace nutrients vits and minerals
cleanse bowels with laxatives, enemas, colonic irrigations night before and day of
NG to suction

Question 17

complications with stoma

Answer 17

leakage
prolapse
retraction
perferation

Question 18

colorectal cancer complications

Answer 18

fecal impaction
skin irritation
wound care- could be a hemorrhage at site

Question 19

how long until stoma functions?

Answer 19

3-6 days

Question 20

transverse colostomy

Answer 20

soft and smushy colostomy

irritates the skin

Question 21

descending or sigmoid colostomy

Answer 21

stool fairly solid and slightly irritating to the skin

Question 22

stoma should be what color?!

Answer 22

pink! if its blood call DR

Question 23

sigmoid colostomies may need what to promote evacuation

Answer 23

irrigation

Question 24

avoid what kinds of foods with a colostomy?

Answer 24

cabbage, fish, eggs, beans, peanuts, prune juice (foods that create alot of gas)