Colerectal polyps and cancer

Question 1

What is a polyp

Answer 1

Precursor adenoma (Benign)

Question 2

What two inherited conditions increase risk of polyps

Answer 2

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)

Hereditary Non Polyposis Colon Cancer (Lynch Syndrome)

Question 3

What is Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

Answer 3

Aut Dominant APC Gene mutation = 1000s of polyps = 93% chance colorectal cancer

Question 4

What is HNPCC (Lynch syndrome)

Answer 4

Aut Dominat MSH 1 mutation (DNA Repair gene)

Increased adenoma progression = Adenocarcinoma

Question 5

What are the RF for polyp related cancer

Answer 5

Inheritance (FAP/HNPCC)
Adenomas/polyps
Alcohol
Smoking
Ulcerative Collitis

Question 6

Where do polyps normally metastasise to

Answer 6

Liver and Lung

Question 7

What are the symptoms for Colorectal polyps and cancer

Answer 7

LLQ Pain (Sigmoid colon)
Bloody mucous stools
Tenesmus (defecation pain)

Question 8

How are colorectal polyps/cancer diagnosed

Answer 8

FIT Test (Foeacal occult)
Gold = Colonoscopy w/ Biopsy

Question 9

How is Colorectal cancer screened for in the uk

Answer 9

FIT TEST (Faecal occult)

• Stool sample check for blood
• 2week wait before referral for endoscopy

Question 10

What is the Gold standard for diagnosis o Colorectal adenomas/cancers

Answer 10

Endoscopy w/ biopsy

Question 11

What is the Treatment option for Colorectal cancer

Answer 11

No met = Surgery

Met = Chemo