Cold War Spec Point Two

Question 1

Background

Answer 1

In 1945, the Second World War finished with the USSR and the USA successful in defeating Nazi Germany, the USA and the USSR split Europe into West (mainly Capitalist) and East (mainly communist). Berlin was divided into West and East (like the rest of Europe) despite being in East Germany, the Western Allies had to fly in supplies to West Berlin for a year before the Soviet Union gave up on trying to stop supplies from getting to West Berlin.

Question 2

Khrushchev’s policies of Destalinisation

Answer 2

After Stalin’s death Khrushchev came up with his policies of Destalinisation

Question 3

Khrushchev k1

Answer 3

In 1956 Khrushchev gave his 4 hour long “Secret Speech” where he explained why Stalin was a bad leader to Communist Party members

Question 4

Khrushchev k2

Answer 4

In 1956 Khrushchev told Soviet controlled countries in Eastern Europe that they do not have to follow Soviet Socialism and create their own socialist system.

Question 5

Khrushchev ANP

Answer 5

More freedoms for countries -increased reformers and demonstrations.

Question 6

Khrushchev Eval

Answer 6

Socialism Today Khrushchev’s speech had a big impact and “it was a devastating blow to Stalinist regimes.”

Question 7

Poland k1

Answer 7

In 1956 the World Youth Festival took place in Warsaw which attracted many people from western countries.

Question 8

Poland ANP

Answer 8

However Gomulka was appointed leader of Poland and he told Khrushchev that Poland would remain loyal to the Soviet Union.

Question 9

Poland Eval

Answer 9

100,000s of workers demonstrated against low wages (Poland not indoctrinated by SU)

Question 10

Hungary k1

Answer 10

1956-Nagy the reformer became leader of Hungary.

Question 11

Hungary k2

Answer 11

1956-The Soviets withdrew their forces after fighting rebels in Budapest, this allows Nagy to declare that Poland would leave the Warsaw Pact.

Question 12

Hungary ANP

Answer 12

However later in 1956, Soviet Tanks came back to crush the rebellion and end Hungry’s short time of freedom.

Question 13

Hungary Eval

Answer 13

An estimated 2500 Hungarians died because of the Soviet forces crushing the uprising-made Soviets

Question 14

Berlin k

Answer 14

1961 the Berlin Wall was built to stop East Germans moving to West Berlin from East Berlin.-made Soviets look bad

Question 15

Berlin ANP

Answer 15

Stopped people leaving East Berlin so Soviet Policy effective.

Question 16

Berlin Eval Just practice

Answer 16

BBC Bitesize says Kennedy believes “if communism was so great, the Russians had no need to fence the East Berliners in.”

Question 17

Poland k2

Answer 17

1956-ZUP was set up which was against Stalinisation and wanted open socialism with free press and an honest government.