Cold War Crises Flashcards
How many refugees left East Germany for West Germany between 1949 and 1961?
4 million
What happened at the Vienna summit?
Khrushchev dominated Kennedy.
What was the Berlin Ultimatum?
Khrushchev demanded that the West leave Berlin.
When did East Germany start to build the Berlin Wall?
August 13th 1961.
What was Checkpoint Charlie?
A crossing point on the Berlin Wall.
How was the Berlin Wall eventually developed?
Floodlights, dogs, trip-wire machine guns, soldiers and dogs.
What happened in October 1961?
A stand-off between US and USSR tanks.
How many people died attempting to cross the Berlin Wall?
At least 140.
What was the Bay of Pigs?
An attempt by anti-Castro Cuban exiles (Brigada 2506) to invade Cuba.
What were the consequences of the Bay of Pigs?
Operation Mongoose.
Kennedy was humiliated.
Castro became more popular.
What did the U2 spy plane spot on October 14th?
Nuclear missile bases being constructed in Cuba
What decision did Kennedy reach over Cuba in October 1962?
To place Cuba under a quarantine to prevent missiles from arriving from Russia. It was successful.
What were the consequences of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Hotline between Washington and Moscow
Kennedy looked more powerful and Khrushchev looked weak.
US secretly agreed to remove missiles from Cuba
Treaties signed - Limited Test Ban Treaty 1963 and Outer Space Treaty 1968
What did Dubcek want to introduce into Czechoslovakia in 1968?
Spring Reforms - changes to Communist control of Czechoslovakia
Who replaced Khrushchev as ruler of Russia?
Brezhnev
