COLD WAR CONFERENCES Flashcards
TEHRAN NOVEMBER 1943, aside from the USA joining WWII, what else did Tehran bring?
Beginning of the Grand Alllance- with countries agreeing to wage war on the Axis powers (Germany, Japan) together.
• Meeting of Roosevelt (USA), Stalin (USSR) and Churchill (UK)
• Agreements: Britain and USA would open up a second front by Invading France in 1944, Goviet Upion would declare war on Japan after Germany, a United Nations would be set up, and an area of Poland would be given to the USSR.
• Disagreement: Churchill wanted to invade through Greece Instead of France in order to stop the USSR taking over Eastern Europe.
Yalta (Feb 1945) was very Soviet-centric, what are some agreement’s & disagreements made?
By early 1945 the Allied armies were closing in on Berlin and Germany was close to defeat. The three leaders therefore met to discuss what to do with Germany once victory had been achieved.
• Meeting of Roosevelt (USA), Stalin (USSR) and Churchill (UK)
• Agreements: USSR confirmed they would attack Japan once Germany was defeated, Germany and Berlin would be divided into four zones, to give countries free elections, to join the UN, and that Eastern Europe would be in the Soviet sphere of influence.
• Disagreements: How much reparations should be paid (Stalin wanted more). Stalin promised to agree to free elections, but Churchill and Roosevelt were cautious. They also disagreed about the Polish border. Stalin wanted the Polish/German border to be much further west, and wanted guarantees of a pro-Soviet Government to ensure he had allies against Germany.
Potsdam was mainly held to decide how to split up Germany after the war, what are the specifics? (July 1945)
Meeting of Truman (USA), Stalin (USSR) and Atlee (UK). Truman was more anti-communist than Roosevelt.
Changes between conference: Stalin set up a communist Government in Poland and had his army still in most of Eastern Europe. On the 16th of July the USA tested the Atomic Bomb, Stalin was scared and angry he hadn’t been told.
Agreements: Germany and Berlin were divided into four zones, Germany was to be demilitarised, Germany was to have free elections, Germany would pay reparations to the Allies with most to USSR, Nazi Party was banned and war crime trials were set up for past Nazis.
Disagreements: Still disagreed over reparations, Stalin wanted Germany to be made much weaker, Truman wanted a strong Germany to protect against the USSR. They also disagreed over free elections, and USSR began to expand into Eastern Europe
