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GCSE Eduqas History America > Cold War 1945-1973 > Flashcards

Cold War 1945-1973 Flashcards

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1
Q

when was the cuban missile crisis?

A

October 1962

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2
Q

when was the cuban revolution

A

1959

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3
Q

General Batista

A

right wing dictator who was the leader of Cuba until 1959

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4
Q

Who led the Cuban revolution?

A

Fidel Castro
-became new leader in 1959

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5
Q

What ideology did Castro have?

A

communist

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6
Q

Why did Castro become a communist?

A

due to his friendship and support from Khrushchev

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7
Q

sphere of influence

A

an area in which one nation holds, or claims to hold, dominant power over a country or several countries

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8
Q

Where did America deploy nuclear missiles?

A

Italy and Turkey

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9
Q

Where did Soviets deploy nuclear missiles?

A

Cuba

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10
Q

When was Black saturday?

A

27 october 1962

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11
Q

What is Black Saturday?

A

the day when we were the closest to nuclear war

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12
Q

What did the USA own in Cuba?

A

large consumer of cuban tobacco, sugar and they owned a large naval base

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13
Q

trade embargo

A

official GOVt ban on all US exports and trade with Cuba

imposed by Kennedy

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14
Q

How did the trade embargo affect the USA?

A

cuba turned to the USSR as a market for their sugar

soviet’s were more than willing to comply and before long sent Cuba weapons and oil

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15
Q

when was The Bay of Pigs

A

april 1961

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16
Q

what happend at the Bay of Pigs?

A

CIA landed 1,400 Cuban Exiles at the Bay of Pigs with the aim of provoking an anti communist revolution

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17
Q

how many cuban exiles were landed at the Bay of Pigs

A

1400

18
Q

Result of the 1400 cuban exiles
(Bay of Pigs)

A

these rebels were easily defeated

20,000 heavily armed Cuban troops captured or killed them all

19
Q

How did the Bay of Pigs affect Kennedy’s image?

A

made Kennedy look weak and aggressive

20
Q

What did JFK impose to stop USSR missiles from reaching Cuba?

A

naval blockade

21
Q

What did Khrushchev say in his letters to JFK?

A

USSR would force way through blockade & was prepared to use nuclear weapons in war

22
Q

Brinkmanship

A

pushing to the verge of war

23
Q

What did JFK ask Khrushchev to do?

A

to remove missiles from Cuba

Khrushchev said he would if USA removed missiles from Turkey and didn’t invade Cuba

24
Q

The Marshall Plan

A

financial aid given to help suffering countries so that they’re less likely to prey to communism

25
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

policy of containing communism

26
Q

domino theory

A

if Vietnam fell to
communism so would all of SE Asia

27
Q

who was the leader of North Vietnam?

A

Ho Chi Minh
(COMMUNIST)

28
Q

Who was the leader of South Vietnam?

A

Diem

29
Q

proxy war

A

conflicts in which a third party intervenes indirectly in a pre-existing war in order to influence the strategic outcome in favour of its preferred faction

30
Q

Operation Rolling Thunder

A

a mass bombing campaign on North Vietnam by the USA

31
Q

Which chemicals were used to destroy the Vietnamese jungle?

A

napalm
agent orange

32
Q

vietcong

A

north vietnamese guerilla movement

33
Q

who aided the viet cong?

A

Ho Chi Minh

34
Q

Operation Search and Destroy

A

set fire to thatched houses & villages believed to be supporting Vietcong

35
Q

why were guerilla tactics affective against the US?

A

US conventional high tech methods ineffective

36
Q

why was the US losing the Vietnam war?

A

US troops were inexperienced
- didn’t understand why they were fighting
Lots of media coverage showed the atrocities
High levels of opposition to the war at hone

37
Q

when did Nixon visit China?

A

1972

38
Q

What happened in Jan 1973

A

PEACE TREATY
Vietnam united as communists
Laos and Cambodia also fall from communism

39
Q

when did the USA lift trade embargo’s with China?

A

April 1971

40
Q

why was truman doctrine significant?

A

became the cornerstone of US forgein policy for many years to come

41
Q

what was set up after the cuban missile crisis?

A

a hotline between the white house and the kremlin

42
Q

which country received financial aid under the Marshall Plan first?

A

Greece

GCSE Eduqas History America (8 decks)

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