Cold War Flashcards
Yalta conference
Conference with Winston Churchill, Franklin D Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin in 1945
Iron Curtain
Divide east and west Germany (east being USSR and west being USA)
Superpowers
USSR and USA
Containment
Blocking of Soviet influence in preventing the expansion of communism
Truman doctrine
Congress authorized 400 million to aid Greece and turkey
Marshall plan
George Marshall said that the US should give aid to any European nations-Congress authorized $12.5 billion after USSR seized Czechoslovakia
Berlin Airlift
Stolen seized Soviet controlled portion of Berlin cut off all the highway, water, and rail lines to story about the city
NATO
North Atlantic treaty organization, created with tenured pi nations Canada and the US as a defensive military
Warsaw Pact
USSR created because they saw NATO as a threat USSR in Poland and east Germany Czechoslovakia hungry Romania and Bulgaria and Albania
Brinkmanship
Willing us to go to the brank/edge of war
U-2incident
Shooting down a US spy plane in capture of a pilot Gary Powers by USSR
Mao Zedong
Leader of red army
Space race
Race between USSR in US to get a man to the moon
United Nations
50 countries organize to protect members against aggression
Jiang jieshi
Leader of the nationalist forces
Sputnik one
So it you can put the first on man satellite in space
Yuri Garin
Astronaut in Russia – first human in space/orbit around earth
Alan Shepard
First Americans travel to space
Dalai Lama
Living Buddha – responsible for governing Tibet before China took it over
Communes
Large collective farms
Cultural revolution
Go to establish a society of peasants and workers that are all equal
38th parallel
Latitude line across is Korea in separates north and South Korea
Douglas MacArthur
Leader of the United Nations forces into stopped it so we invasion of Korea
Ho Chi Minh
Leader of communist forces in Vietnam
Sandinistas
Who the USSR supported in the Nicaragua war Civil War
Daniel Ortega
Leader of the Sandinistas
Iran’s shah
Iran’s leader
Ayatollah Khomeini
Hated the USA
Mujahideen
Afghan rebels supplied with American weapons/holy Warriors
Desalinization 
Removing the memory of Joseph Stalin from the Soviet union
Leonid Brezhnev 
 replaced Khrushchev, quickly adopted repressive domestic
LBJ
Escalated US involvement in Vietnam War took over presidency when JFK died
detente
US policy of listening Cold War tension under rich Nixon
Tricky dick
President Richard Nixon’s nickname
SALT
Strategic arms limitation treaty
Regan
President – abandon the Détente since he was a strong anti-communist
Star Wars missile defense system
Protect US from enemy missiles – we thought we had tech from Star Wars to protect us but we didn’t
Dominoes Theory
President Eisenhower – said if one nation fall to communism the neighbors will fall to the mall
Ngo Dinh diem
South Vietnamese leader of the anti-communist who were supported by both the French and the US
Viet Cong
Communist guerrillas; many Vietcong were South Vietnamese who hated Ngo dinh Diem
Vietnamization
Allowed US troops to gradually pull out
Khmer rouge
Communist rebels, set up brutal communist government under the leadership of pol pot
Pol pot
Political leader – communist Khmer Rouge Cambodia 
Third World
Not with the United States or USSR and poor
Nonaligned nations
Independent countries (Switzerland)
Fidel Castro
Young lawyer, led to the Cuban revolution
Nikita Khrushchev 
Becomes a leader of Soviet Union after stolen dies in 1953
JFK
1962 presidents assassinated in 1963
Why were the Soviets fighting the mujahideen in Afghanistan
To force Soviet style socialism on Afghanistan
What are the idea of Detente eventually fail
The US congress refused to sign SALT ll 
Explain what to events trigger the breakdown of brinkmanship 
- U-2 spy plane incident
- Cuban muzzle crisis
- Vietnam war 
What was the main requirement for the United States to support a foreign leader 
Anti-communism
How did the US respond to Castro’s receiving aid from the Soviets
CIA executed Bay of Pigs invasion – basically trying to overthrow Castro
Explain why the Cuban missile crisis was something the US had act aggressively and quickly over
Nuclear war could’ve broken out, there were too many nukes at the Cuban border
Has Castro’s agreement with the Soviets been positive or negative for Cuba
Negative because it completely trashed their economy
What is the relief of Ayatollah khomeinis politics
Hates the USA
What is a tension between China and India in the early 1960s
Can you give support to Tibetan people especially the Dalai Lama 
What did the Algerian reform law of 1950 give Mao Zedong the power to do
Give him power to get back land peasants
Why was Douglas MacArthur fired as leader of the United Nations forces in Korea
He was fired because he tried to go over president Truman’s head and went to Congress to try and use nuclear weapons
Why did the US I have a difficult time in the Vietnam war
They fought an unfamiliar jungle terrain and South Vietnamese gov’t wasn’t popular
Explain the difference between 1st worlds second world and Third World country
1st:us and it’s Allies
2nd-communist countries – USSR and their allies
3. Not allies with either poor
Explain the origins of the Cold War from both perspectives (USA and ussr)
US: was upset about 1939 nonaggression pact between Germany and USSR
USSR: upset about believing that the allies waited too long to invade France during World War II
Name five permanent members of the original United Nations Security Council
- Great Britain
- USA
- France
- Union of Soviet Socialist republics
-  China
What is Stalin to reply, “ capitalism and communism could not exist in the same world.”
Harry Truman pushed for the free elections in Eastern Europe
Name at least two events with symbolize the United States theory of containment
- Marshall plan
- Truman doctrine
- Berlin airlift
Which countries benefited from the Truman doctrine
Greece and turkey
What type of alliance was NATO
Defensive military alliance
Who is Responsible for the idea of brinkmanship
John Foster Dulles
