Cognitive Neuroscience of Language Flashcards
What are some insights we can get from aphasia?
more arguments about domain generality and domain specificity
What is speech sound categorization?
perceptual narrowing, categorical perception, and the brain
What is the behavioral description of Tan?
-could only produce one jargon syllable seemed otherwise to be in possession of his senses
-in fact seemed to understand what was being said
What was the anatomical description of Tan?
-large lesion
-definitely including the third convolution of the frontal lobe (inferior frontal gyrus)
What is the geschwind-wernicke model of brain and language?
-at the same time as broca’s reports wernicke was observing a different form of language disorder in patients with posterior lesions
-unlike broca’s patients their deficits were more severe for comprehension than for production
-this is a classic double dissociation suggesting that the mechanisms underlying comprehension and production are distinct
What region is involved in wernickes aphasia?
posterior temporal gyrus
How did fmri data formalize structure function relationships in aphasia data?
-the symptoms here are defined very broadly
-a-c shows regions that are likely to be damaged in individuals with fluency deficits
-d-f show regions associated with comprehension deficits
-so data from a large number of patients is consistent with a rough double dissociation where posterior regions are associated with perception whereas anterior regions are associated with production
-note that the insula is a real hot spot for fluency deficits even more so than the cortical broca’s area
What can we think of producing and comprehending as nicely aligned with?
-dorsal and ventral streams
What stream is production related to?
dorsal stream (action)
What stream is comprehension related to?
ventral stream (recognition)
