COGNITIVE EXPLANATION

Question 1

EXPLAINING HALLUCINATIONS

Answer 1

• Claiborn found that even though hallucinations are experienced by schizos however 2.5-4% of the gen pop experience them most of whom don’t have a psychiatric problem
• Morrison proposed triggers such as sleep deprivation can cause people to hear voices in maladaptive ways and are appraised in appropriately as belonging to the devil
• this elicits behaviours such as withdrawal or self harm
• the emotions these behaviours produce such as sadness or shame reinforces the messages of the critical voices

Question 2

EXPLAINING NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS

Answer 2

• beck et al used ideas from the cognitive triad usually used to explain depression to offer reasonable model of negative symptoms
• consists of negative thoughts about the self the world and the future
• he proposes that the individual endorses dysfunctional beliefs about their performance and ability to experience pleasure also have cynical and gloomy view
• their mental filters only allow negative messages and deficits in information processing add to their pessimistic view leading to negative symptoms

Question 3

LACK OF PRECONSCIOUS FILTER

Answer 3

• Frith proposed that core + symptoms of schiz can be explained by difficulties in inhibiting preconcious content
• our senses receive mass amounts of info from the environment this reaches our awareness and we interpret it( preconscious)
• the best fit of incoming info is propelled to concioisness allowing us to make sense of the info
• frith suggests than in some people the attentional filters which inhibit most sensory info from making out of the precocious are defective which leads to individuals with schiz becoming aware of ambiguous and multiple interpretations of events making it difficult to select and carry through an appropriate course of action

Question 4

COMPROMISED TOM

Answer 4

• more recently frith proposed individuals with schiz work with a compromised Tom of their own minds and others
• many symptoms seen in those with schiz are the result of disorders within three separate cognitive systems
• 1: disorders of willed Action can explain negative and disorganised symptoms of schizophrenia
• 2: disorders of self monitoring can explain delusions and alien control and vocal hallucinations
• 3: disorders of monitoring others thoughts leads to delusions of persecution