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PYSCH Psychopathology > Cognitive Approach With Depression > Flashcards

Cognitive Approach With Depression Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 explanations to explain depression

A

Becks negative triad and Ellis’sABC model

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2
Q

Who are the 2 psychologists that studied depression

A

Beck and Ellis

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3
Q

What did Beck believe in terms of who is more vulnerable to depression

A

depends on the persons cognition

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4
Q

What is faulty information processing

A

When depressed people attend t the negative spect of a situation and ignores the positive

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5
Q

What is negative self scheme

A

A schema is a mental framework of interpretations and is a package of ideas so if it is negative it means that they interpret all info abt themselves in a negative way

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6
Q

what is the negative triad

A

It is a collection of 3 elements that people with depression automatically see negatively regardless of the actual reality

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7
Q

What is the negative triad consisted of

A

Negative view of the:
-self
-world
-future

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8
Q

Explain negative view of the world

A

The impression that there is no hope for anything anywhere

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9
Q

Explain negative view of the future

A

Having no hope or positive thoughts about the future

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10
Q

Explain negative view of the self

A

Seeing yourself with a negative perception and this enhances depressive feelings and triggers low self esteem

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11
Q

What did Ellis come up with

A

ABC Model

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12
Q

What is the ABC Model

A

A model to explain how irrational thoughts affect our behaviour and emotional state

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13
Q

What did Ellis believe about how depression comes along

A

As a result of irrational thoughts

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14
Q

What did Ellis define irrational thoughts as

A

Not as illogical or unrealistic thoughts, but as any thoughts that interfere with is being happy and free from pain.

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15
Q

What are the 3 components of the ABC model

A

Activating events
Beliefs
Consequences

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16
Q

Explain activating event as part of the ABC model

A

Irrational thoughts are typically triggered by external events

17
Q

Explain beliefs as part of the ABC model

A

He called the belief that we must always succeed or achieve perfection as ‘musturbation’ . ‘I can’t stand it itis’ is the belief that it is a major disaster whenever somethings doesn’t go smoothly. ‘Utopianism’ is the belief that life us always meant to be fair

18
Q

Explain consequences as part of the ABC model

A

When an activating event triggers irrational beliefs, there are emotional and behavioural consequences.

19
Q

What are the 2 strengths of Becks negative triad

A

.there is a lot of support research , the link between cognitive vulnerability and depression
.real world application, application in screening and treatment for depression

20
Q

What is a strength of Ellis’s ABC model

A

Real world application, psychological treatment of depression, cognitive therapy allied REBT, REBT has real world value

21
Q

What is a limitation of Ellis’s ABC model

A

It only explains reactive depression and not endogenous depression. His model is less useful for explaining endogenous depression. This means his model can only explain some cases of depression and is therefore only a partial explanation.

22
Q

What type of therapy is used to treat depression

A

Cognitive behaviour therapy

23
Q

What are the 2 elements involved in CBT

A

Majorly cognitive elements and some behavioural elements

24
Q

What was becks contribution for treatments of depression

A

Becks cognitive therapy which is based from the negative triad

25
Q

What does the phrase ‘client as a scientist’ mean

A

When the psychologist wants to help the patient be in reality with their negative beliefs and so they might set them hw such as to record when they enjoyed an event or when someone said something nice to them.

26
Q

Wha was Ellis’s contribution of the treatments of depression

A

Rational emotive behaviour therapy

27
Q

What does the D and the E stand for from the extended ABC model (ABCDE)

A

D- dispute E- effect

28
Q

What is the central technique of REBT

A

To identify and dispute irrational thoughts

29
Q

What would an REBT therapist do

A

Identify what these thoughts are an explanation of for example if the thoughts are an example of Utopianism and then challenge these irrational beliefs which tends to include a vigorous argument

30
Q

What is the intended effect of the vigorous argument that REBT therapists carry out

A

It is to change the irrational beliefs and break the link between the negative life events

31
Q

What did Ellis identify different methods of

A

Different methods of disputing

32
Q

What are the 2 types of disputing

A

Empirical argument and logical argument

33
Q

What does empirical argument involve

A

It involves disputing whether there is actual evidence to support the negative belief

34
Q

What does logical argument involve

A

It disputes whether the negative thought logically follows from the facts

35
Q

What is the goal of behavioural activation

A

It is to work with depressed individuals to gradually decrease their avoidance and isolation and increase their engagement in activities and this has shown to improve moods

36
Q

What is a strength of the CBT

A

T has a large body of evidence to support its effectiveness. This is put against the argument of using antidepressant drugs an a study was done by John March. he found that CBT was just as effective when used by itself and even more with drugs. it is also cost effective and both these mean that CBT is the first choice of treatment in public health

37
Q

What is a limitation (without counterpoint) of CBT

A

It has high relapse rates and there are concerns of how long the benefits lasts. There have been studies to see the long term effectiveness of CBT and one show that the outcomes are not as good as assumed. Shehzad Ali also tested the relapse rate and saw it was quite high.

38
Q

What is the limitation (with counterpoint) of CBT

A
39
Q

What is the counterpoint of the limitation of CBT

A

PYSCH Psychopathology (7 decks)

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