Cognitive Approach With Depression Flashcards
What are the 2 explanations to explain depression
Becks negative triad and Ellis’sABC model
Who are the 2 psychologists that studied depression
Beck and Ellis
What did Beck believe in terms of who is more vulnerable to depression
depends on the persons cognition
What is faulty information processing
When depressed people attend t the negative spect of a situation and ignores the positive
What is negative self scheme
A schema is a mental framework of interpretations and is a package of ideas so if it is negative it means that they interpret all info abt themselves in a negative way
what is the negative triad
It is a collection of 3 elements that people with depression automatically see negatively regardless of the actual reality
What is the negative triad consisted of
Negative view of the:
-self
-world
-future
Explain negative view of the world
The impression that there is no hope for anything anywhere
Explain negative view of the future
Having no hope or positive thoughts about the future
Explain negative view of the self
Seeing yourself with a negative perception and this enhances depressive feelings and triggers low self esteem
What did Ellis come up with
ABC Model
What is the ABC Model
A model to explain how irrational thoughts affect our behaviour and emotional state
What did Ellis believe about how depression comes along
As a result of irrational thoughts
What did Ellis define irrational thoughts as
Not as illogical or unrealistic thoughts, but as any thoughts that interfere with is being happy and free from pain.
What are the 3 components of the ABC model
Activating events
Beliefs
Consequences
Explain activating event as part of the ABC model
Irrational thoughts are typically triggered by external events
Explain beliefs as part of the ABC model
He called the belief that we must always succeed or achieve perfection as ‘musturbation’ . ‘I can’t stand it itis’ is the belief that it is a major disaster whenever somethings doesn’t go smoothly. ‘Utopianism’ is the belief that life us always meant to be fair
Explain consequences as part of the ABC model
When an activating event triggers irrational beliefs, there are emotional and behavioural consequences.
What are the 2 strengths of Becks negative triad
.there is a lot of support research , the link between cognitive vulnerability and depression
.real world application, application in screening and treatment for depression
What is a strength of Ellis’s ABC model
Real world application, psychological treatment of depression, cognitive therapy allied REBT, REBT has real world value
What is a limitation of Ellis’s ABC model
It only explains reactive depression and not endogenous depression. His model is less useful for explaining endogenous depression. This means his model can only explain some cases of depression and is therefore only a partial explanation.
What type of therapy is used to treat depression
Cognitive behaviour therapy
What are the 2 elements involved in CBT
Majorly cognitive elements and some behavioural elements
What was becks contribution for treatments of depression
Becks cognitive therapy which is based from the negative triad
What does the phrase ‘client as a scientist’ mean
When the psychologist wants to help the patient be in reality with their negative beliefs and so they might set them hw such as to record when they enjoyed an event or when someone said something nice to them.
Wha was Ellis’s contribution of the treatments of depression
Rational emotive behaviour therapy
What does the D and the E stand for from the extended ABC model (ABCDE)
D- dispute E- effect
What is the central technique of REBT
To identify and dispute irrational thoughts
What would an REBT therapist do
Identify what these thoughts are an explanation of for example if the thoughts are an example of Utopianism and then challenge these irrational beliefs which tends to include a vigorous argument
What is the intended effect of the vigorous argument that REBT therapists carry out
It is to change the irrational beliefs and break the link between the negative life events
What did Ellis identify different methods of
Different methods of disputing
What are the 2 types of disputing
Empirical argument and logical argument
What does empirical argument involve
It involves disputing whether there is actual evidence to support the negative belief
What does logical argument involve
It disputes whether the negative thought logically follows from the facts
What is the goal of behavioural activation
It is to work with depressed individuals to gradually decrease their avoidance and isolation and increase their engagement in activities and this has shown to improve moods
What is a strength of the CBT
T has a large body of evidence to support its effectiveness. This is put against the argument of using antidepressant drugs an a study was done by John March. he found that CBT was just as effective when used by itself and even more with drugs. it is also cost effective and both these mean that CBT is the first choice of treatment in public health
What is a limitation (without counterpoint) of CBT
It has high relapse rates and there are concerns of how long the benefits lasts. There have been studies to see the long term effectiveness of CBT and one show that the outcomes are not as good as assumed. Shehzad Ali also tested the relapse rate and saw it was quite high.
What is the limitation (with counterpoint) of CBT
What is the counterpoint of the limitation of CBT
