Cognitive Approach Flashcards
1
Q
Schemas
A
- cognitive frameworks that help us to organise and interpret information
- developed through experience and can affect our cognitive processing
- Piaget viewed schemas as basic unit or building block of intelligent behavior.
2
Q
Principles of the cognitive approach
A
-Aims to study impact of our thought processes on our behaviour
3 assumptions:
- limited capacity
- control mechanisms
- two way flow
3 methods:
- laboratory experiments
- case studies
- brain imaging
3
Q
Types of schemas
A
- role schema —>expected behaviours for someone in a role
- event schema —> what is expected in a particular situation
- self schema —>based on our looks, personality and values
4
Q
Schematic theory research
A
Bartlett
- found participants would remember a story in line with their existing schema
5
Q
Cognitive approach and science
A
- field experiments (godden and baddeley) / lab experiments like (Craik and tulving) use controlled methods of study
- offer reductionism and operationalisation of variables
- other research methods include brain scanning and neuroscience studies which are scientific
- approach studies processing in brain which has access to measurable biological information
- cognitive psychology looks at concepts which are hard to measure like levels of processing, cue dependency
- case studies used like Clive wearing are hard to generalise to form a scientific body of knowledge
6
Q
Cognitive
A
-relates to mental processes like perception memory and reasoning
7
Q
Cognitive neuronscience
A
- an area of psychology dedicated to underlying neural bases of cognitive functions
8
Q
Computer model
A
-refers to process of using computer analogies as a representation of human cognition
9
Q
Inference/inferring
A
- means reaching a logical conclusion on basis of evidence and reasoning
10
Q
Theoretical models
A
- in cognitive psychology models are simplified
- usually pictorial representations of a particular mental process based on current research evidence
