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AQA psychology- approaches > Cognitive approach > Flashcards

Cognitive approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Key assumptions ?

A
  • internal mental processes (thought processes ) can and should be studied scientifically
  • lab studies can be used to investigate what we are thinking
  • the mind works like a computer
  • the thoughts between stimulus and response need to be considered to understand behaviour
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2
Q

The study of internal memtal processes
-what can we not see ?

A

We cannot see thought processes but we can investigate them scientifically

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3
Q

The study of internal mental processes
How can we investigate mental processes scientifically?

A

Using lab studies

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4
Q

The study of internal mental processes
- what do we all make ?

A

Inferences

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5
Q

The study of internal mental processes
- what are inferences ?

A

Assumptions about what is happening in the mind when we are thinking etc

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6
Q

The study of internal mental processes
What do inferences go beyond ?

A

Inferences is when we g beyond the immediate evidence to make assumptions about mental processes that cannot be directly observed

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7
Q

Simons and Chabris
Procedure

A

228 observers watched the same films that showed 2 teams of 3 basketball players, one team wearing white t-shirts and the others waering black. A basketball was passed and the observers were asked to keep a ta.ly of the number of passes. In a more difficult condition they were asked to tally the number of throws and the number of bounces.
Obsrvers were then immediately asked if there was anything unusual in the film

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8
Q

Simons and Chabris
What were the 2 types of video that the observers were shown ?

A

Type 1- the film was transparent
Type 2 - the film was opaque

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9
Q

Simons and Chabris
How many conditions were there ?

A

There were multiole conditions such as transparent / gorilla and opaque/ umbrella woman

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10
Q

Simons and Chabris
Results?

A

54% of the observers noticed the gorilla or the woman
- more noticed it jn the opaque condition
- when task was harder (transparent) slightly less noticed the unexpected event

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11
Q

What are Schemas ?

A

Cognitive representation of our ideas/ knowledge about anything

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12
Q

What do schemas provide ?

A

Schemas provide a mental framework of knowledge similar to a mind mapmof knowledge

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13
Q

Why are schemas unique to each individual ?

A

Because they are formed through experiences

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14
Q

The role of schemas ?

A
  • schema help us to predict what will happen in our world based on our experiences
  • schemas enable us to process vast amounts of info rapidly
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15
Q

What do schemas prevent ud from becoming ?

A

Schemas prevent us from becoming oberwhelmed by environmental stimuli

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16
Q

What are the disadvantages of schemas ?

A

Schemas can distort our interpretations of sensory info
Schemas lead to perceptual errors or inaccurate EWT / memories
Schemas can cause biased recall

17
Q

What can negative/ faulty schemas have a negative impact on ?

A

Mental health

18
Q

Why do we use models in psychology?

A

Models are used to explain and make inferences about mental processes

19
Q

What do theoretical models help us to explain?

A

They help to explain complex ingernal mental processes for example th emulti store model explains a concept taht we cannot see

20
Q

State the informational processing model

A

Input —-> processing —–> output

21
Q

Input

A

From the environment via the senses

22
Q

Processing

A

Information is encoded and processed e.g using a schema

23
Q

Output

A

Observable behaviour

24
Q

Key assumptions of theoretical and computer models
How does the brain process info ?

A

The brain processes information like a computer

25
Q

Key assumptions of theoretical and computer models
What is the central processing unit ?

A

The brain

26
Q

Key assumptions of theoretical and computer models
Coding ?

A

To turn info into a useful format

27
Q

Key assumptions of theoretical and computer models
Stores ?

A

To hold different chunks of info

28
Q

Key assumptions of theoretical and computer models
Retreival ?

A

We can retreive info from a computer and our brain

29
Q

What is meant by cognitive neuroscience?

A

The scientific study of brain / neurological structures, mechanisms, processes, brain chemistry that are responsible for cognitive/ mental / thinking processes

30
Q

Possible application uses

A

Blurt from notes

31
Q

Why is cognitive neuroscience considered scientific?

A

Provides quantitative data and is objective
Machines are consistent

AQA psychology- approaches (10 decks)

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