Cognition and Emotion Flashcards
what is the difference between moods and emotions?
moods are relatively low in intensity, relatively enduring and lack a salient antecedent, whereas emotions are more intense and short lived, and normally have a definite cause or clear cognitive content
what are the 6 core emotional states according to Eckman
happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust, surprise
what is an emotional state space or an affective grid?
a way to think about emotions that involves two dimensional state space
what are the two dimensional state spaces? what are the ends of the spectrums?
Valence:
- positive (pleasant) to negative (unpleasant)
Arousal:
Calm to aroused
what are the names of the 4 quadrants in Lang et al’s Affect Grid? What is their make up of the continuums?
Contentment = positive and calm Sadness = negative and calm Fear = negative and aroused Excitement = positive and aroused
where is there an absence of experiences on Lang’s Affect Grid?
being highly aroused and experiencing neutral valence
what did Bradley et al (1992) research and find?
which spectrum contributed most to memories, as a relationship between memory and emotion had already been established.
they found recall was better for things that were highly arousing regardless of valence
what is elaborative encoding?
any memory encoding procedure that allows you to elaborate on, or strengthen the content
What did bradley et al 1992 propose was the reason for better recall of arousing events?
that arousal functions as elaborative encoding, as our physiological responses that are associated with emotional states act as automatic elaborative encoding
what part of the brain would be associated with increasing recall of highly arousing states? elaborative encoding?
amygdala
how is the emotional stroop task measured?
the two conditions are the emotional condition and the neutral condition, the theory is that individuals who are anxious will be slower on the emotional condition as they their attention is suggested to be captured by the highly valenced and negative words
T or F. there is a cognitive bias to threat related stimuli in anxious people
true
what is the dot probe task?
begin with fixation cross, shows two words - one at top one at bottom of screen, one is valenced and neg, one is not. Then dot follows - congruent task is when the dot in the same half as the neg word, hypothesis is that anxious people will be quicker to respond when dot appears in same spot as neg valence word as this word has captured their attention
who proposed the first semantic network model? when?
collins and quillian 1969
why is the semantic network model proposed by collins and quillian thought to be an effective way of organising information?
because the subordinate groups inherent the definitions or features of the subordinate group, so when you get down to a specific node, you do not have to ‘start fresh’ with recalling info about it
