Cognition

Question 1

what is cognition

Answer 1

mental action/process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience and the senses

Question 2

functions of the frontal lobe

Answer 2

voluntary movement 
reasoning 
executive function
personality
inhibition + initiative 
expressive language

Question 3

how can the frontal lobe be tested

Answer 3

verbal fluency – as many words beginning with ‘F’ in 60 seconds

• cognitive estimates
• proverb interpretation
• primitive reflexes

Question 4

functions of the parietal lobe

Answer 4

knowing right from left 
reading + writing 
body orientation
calculation 
graphaethesia

Question 5

what would a dominant hemisphere parietal lobe lesion cause

Answer 5

dysphasia 
dyscalculia 
dyslexia
apraxia
agnosia
gerstmann syndrome

Question 6

what is apraxia

Answer 6

inability to perform complex movements in the presence of normal motor, sensory and cerebellar function

Question 7

what is tactile agnosia

Answer 7

inability to recognise objects through touch

Question 8

what is Gerstmann syndrome

Answer 8

characterised by

• acalculia - difficulty with simple maths
• agraphia
• finger anomia - loss of ability to distinguish, recognise and name the fingers
• difficulty differentiating right and left

Question 9

functions of the temporal lobe

Answer 9

understanding speech 
memory 
hearing 
emotions
sense of identity

Question 10

function of the occipital lobe

Answer 10

vision

Question 11

what lobe of the brain controls voluntary movement

Answer 11

frontal lobe

Question 12

what lobe of the brain controls body orientation + knowing right from left

Answer 12

parietal lobe

Question 13

what lobe of the brain controls memory

Answer 13

temporal lobe

Question 14

what lobe of the brain controls emotions + sense of identity

Answer 14

temporal lobe

Question 15

what lobe of the brain controls reading + writing

Answer 15

parietal lobe

Question 16

what lobe of the brain controls reasoning, executive functioning, inhibition + initiate

Answer 16

frontal lobe

Question 17

what lobe controls expressive language

Answer 17

frontal lobe

Question 18

where is Brocca’s area found

Answer 18

frontal lobe

Question 19

dysfunction in which area of which lobe causes expressive aphasia

Answer 19

Broccas area of frontal lobe

Question 20

what lobe controls understanding of speech

Answer 20

temporal lobe

Question 21

where is wernicke area found

Answer 21

temporal lobe

Question 22

dysfunction in which area of which lobe causes receptive aphasia

Answer 22

wernicke’s area of temporal lobe

Question 23

what is the function of the limbic system

Answer 23

role in emotional experience + visceral regulation

Question 24

components of the limbic system

Answer 24

hypothalamus 
amydgala
hippocampus 
dentate gyrus 
cingulate gyrus

Question 25

function of hippocampus

Answer 25

to form new memories
spatial memory
navigation memory

Question 26

function of amygdala

Answer 26

emotional filter
right side = negative emotions (fear/sadness)
left side = pleasant + unpleasant + reward system

Question 27

which are has strongest association with addiction

Answer 27

septal area

Question 28

role of hypothalamus in the limbic system

Answer 28

autonomic response to emotional pain