coasts - swanage

Question 1

where is swanage

Answer 1

dorset

Question 2

swanage geology

Answer 2

clay and sands bay, durlston head limestone, ballard point chalk

Question 3

hydraulic action

Answer 3

strong waves battering and breaking cliff

Question 4

abrasion

Answer 4

rocks in the sea bashing against cliff and smoothing it like sandpaper

Question 5

attrition

Answer 5

rocks in water bashing against each other and becoming smooth

Question 6

solution

Answer 6

dissolves rocks

Question 7

freeze-thaw

Answer 7

water gets into cracks in rocks, freezes and expands, goes deeper into cracks, repeats until rocks cracks

Question 8

biological weathering

Answer 8

roots from plants grow in cracks, expands cracks, rock breaks

Question 9

chemical weathering

Answer 9

acid rain - dissolves rocks

Question 10

rockfall

Answer 10

bits of rock fall off cliffs

Question 11

mudflow

Answer 11

saturated soil flows down cliffs

Question 12

landslide

Answer 12

large bits of rock fall down

Question 13

rotational slip

Answer 13

saturated soil slumps down a curved surface

Question 14

destructive waves

Answer 14

weak swash, strong backwash, steep and close together, breaks down with great force

Question 15

constructive waves

Answer 15

strong swash, weak backwash, long and low, builds up beach with sediment

Question 16

headlands and bays

Answer 16

discordant coastline, soft rock erodes to form bays, hard rock harder to erode so stays as headland

Question 17

caves, arches, stacks, stumps

Answer 17

erode crack, erode all the way, arch falls, stump collapses

Question 18

sandy beaches

Answer 18

sheltered bays, sediment deposited

Question 19

wave cut platforms

Answer 19

erodes cliff to form notch, keeps eroding until cliff to heavy and collapses, repeats and cliff retreats, platform usually smooth

Question 20

rocky beaches

Answer 20

rock from eroded cliffs, finer sands washed away

Question 21

spits

Answer 21

longshore drift, can have recurved end, can form salt marshes behind where mud builds up

Question 22

bars

Answer 22

spit joining two headlands, bars out to sea because of friction with seabed - waves break far before coast

Question 23

longshore drift

Answer 23

waves approach coast at angle of prevailing wind, backwash flows down slope of beach

Question 24

solution transportation

Answer 24

dissolved rocks

Question 25

suspension transportation

Answer 25

small particles suspended in water

Question 26

saltation transportation

Answer 26

small rocks bump along bed

Question 27

traction transportation

Answer 27

pebbles rolled along bed

Question 28

swanage land forms

Answer 28

headlands and bays, cliffs, wave cut notch/platform, caves, arches, stacks, stump (old harry rocks)