coasts L11 shoreline management Flashcards
WHAT ARE SHORELINE MANAGEMENT PLANS (S.M.P)?
how the UK implements ICZM
WHAT ARE THE 4 S.M.P’s?
- HOLD THE LINE
- building and maintaining defences to stop erosion - ADVANCE THE LINE
- building state of the art engineering projects to create a new coastline in the sea - MANAGED RETREAT
- allow natural processes to take place with minimal interference, closely monitored - NO ACTIVE INTERVENTION
- do nothing
WHAT ARE THE PROS AND CONS OF THE HOLD THE LINE SMP?
pros:
- allows build up of beach that acts as a barrier
- visible reassurance to the people that the gov. is doing something
- most hard engineering projects can last 100s of years
cons:
- expensive
- ruin natural beauty
- terminal groyne syndrome
PROS AND CONS of the ADVANCE THE LINE SMP
pros:
- allow land previously in contact w the coast to be rebuilt and restored
cons:
- expensive (very)
- subject to future sea level rise
- need good engineering expertise
PROS and CONS of the MANAGED RETREAT SMP
pros:
- cheaper
- good for environment
- creates salt marshes
- adds to natural beauty
cons:
- land to be lost to sea
- landowners to be compensated for land they have to give up
PROS and CONS of the NO ACTIVE INTERVENTION SMP
pros:
- money saved to protect more important areas
cons:
- farmers likely to lose a lot of farmland & revenue
- insurance costs for houses not protected
- housing prices drop significantly
What is the COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS (C.B.A)
evaluation took used to decide whether or not an area is worth defending from erosion/flooding based on economic judgements
- 5:1 ratio
; calculated through:
- house value
- grade listed buildings
- crop yield & agricultural grading
- infrastructure present
- business land use
what is the ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (E.I.A)
evaluation tool used to decide whether or not an area is worth defending based on environmental judgement
- SSSI are protected
- AONB are protected
