Coasts- 9 marker Qs

Question 1

ref ex, explain how rock type and structure influence the development of landforms of coastal erosion

Answer 1

old harry rocks near swansage dorset are erosional landforms; small cracks widen erosion (hydraulic action) developing a cave, the cave is widened and deepened until the sea break through to form an arch version continues at the base of the arch, among the cliff unsupported so it therefore collapses to form a stack and eventually a stump.
Southwest dorset coastline has headlands and bays. this is due to discordant rock- rock soft erodes fast forming a bay which is sheltered each side by the headland (made of resistant rock e.g. sandstone/granite) deposition occurs in the bays because the waves have less energy - they’re constructive- bigger swash than backwash.
beach head, east sussex has cliffs these are formed by waves attacking the base of cliffs=wave cut notch. the cliff above notch collapses the process repeats and cliff retreats, a wave-cut platform then develops over time it gets higher.

Question 2

ref ex, explain why conflicts may result from the growth and development of human activites

Answer 2

conflicts occur if one activ has neg impact on another activ
the north norfolk coastline demonstrates some conflicts for example agriculture results in nitrates being spread on fields due to the use of artificial fertilisers this causes eutrophication……- conservationists who takes priority?
another conflict is between the breeding of rare birds at the norfolk coastline such as dark-bellied goose who eat the valuable crops like rapeseed. additionally these birds are at risk of being killed/getting caught in the wings of wind turbines.
NAOTHER CONFLCITS?

Question 3

ref ex, describe and explain how coastal environments provide opportunities for human activities

Answer 3

the north norfolk coastline provides economic opportunities. recreation and tourism in cromer has attracted many human activities. features of cromer include the port, promenade, peer, museum, camping, cinema- huge revenue for human interest. cromer has an extensive bird species population demonstrated by the 40% of visitors here who’s purpose was to see the birds. cromer also has a heritage site that attracts visitors.
agriculture is also found on coastlines e.g barningham- due to the land being flat and fertile due to it being made from rich glacial sands and clays. grazing also takes place on the salt marshes here. Additionally fish farming also takes place because of the ocean providing extensive species of fish.
Energy production takes place at hunstanton. the wind turbines are ideal here because of the prevailing winds being so strong and the fetch distance being of significant length. there’s also a tidal power station proposal for the severn estuary.

Question 4

ref ex, examine the need for protection from natural processes

Answer 4

Sea palling, east coast of North norfolk has a great need for protection. In 1953 there was a storm surge

Question 5

ref ex, examine the need for protection from natural processes

Answer 5

Sea palling, east coast of North norfolk has a great need for protection. In 1953 there was a storm surge that broke through he sand dunes and flooded parts of north-east norfolk that meant there was less beach material to create a natural barrier against powerful waves. inland area os norfolk broads needs protection from flooding.
the physical factors that put sea palling at risk include high land value - the fens inland of sea palling which is a major arable agricultural region of britain - containing around of half of the grade 1 agriculture of england.
high economic value of land due to tourism and other human activities that take place at the coast. the failure of previous defences also heightens the need for protection from natural processes.

Question 6

ref ex, explain how the coast is being protected from natural processes

Answer 6

define protection and natural processes—
Abbots hall farm in essex is being protected by managed retreat blackwater estuary- allowing part of the coast to flood by breaching sea wall in 3 places and develop as a salt marsh in order to create a natural defence barrier against wave erosion- along with the gentle gradient of the coastline.
sea palling NN demonstrates use of hard engineering practices - a sea wall was constructed after 1953 storm. 100,000 rock armour. rip rap used.
Dubai coral reef 1997 ITZM need for conservation/protection- camera monitoring, new sites, grain size samples monitored for change, litter dropping bans, education about protection.