Coaguloo Flashcards
What are coagulation disorders?
Conditions affecting the blood’s ability to form clots leading to bleeding or thrombosis.
Name two types of coagulation disorders.
Hemophilia and von Willebrand Disease.
What is the pathophysiology of coagulation disorders?
Deficiencies or dysfunctions in clotting factors platelets or regulatory proteins.
What clinical features are seen in bleeding disorders?
Spontaneous bleeding hemarthrosis prolonged bleeding time.
What are the clinical features of thrombotic disorders?
Swelling pain redness (DVT) chest pain shortness of breath (PE).
How is hemophilia inherited?
X-linked recessive pattern.
Which clotting factor is deficient in Hemophilia A?
Factor VIII.
Which clotting factor is deficient in Hemophilia B?
Factor IX.
What genetic mutation causes Hemophilia A?
Mutation in the F8 gene.
What genetic mutation causes von Willebrand Disease?
Mutations in the VWF gene affecting von Willebrand factor.
What is the treatment for Hemophilia A?
Factor VIII replacement therapy.
What is the treatment for von Willebrand Disease?
Desmopressin (DDAVP) or VWF concentrates.
What diagnostic tests are used for Hemophilia?
Factor assays genetic testing.
What diagnostic test assesses the intrinsic pathway of coagulation?
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT).
What diagnostic test assesses the extrinsic pathway of coagulation?
Prothrombin Time (PT).
What vitamin deficiency can lead to coagulation disorders?
Vitamin K deficiency.
What are the clinical manifestations of vitamin K deficiency in coagulation?
Prolonged PT and aPTT.
How does liver disease affect coagulation?
Impairs synthesis of clotting factors.
Name a thrombotic disorder.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT).
What imaging modality is used to diagnose DVT?
Doppler ultrasound.
What is the first-line treatment for DVT?
Anticoagulation therapy (e.g. Heparin).
What is a complication of DVT?
Pulmonary Embolism (PE).
What are the symptoms of PE?
Sudden chest pain shortness of breath hemoptysis.
How is PE diagnosed?
CT pulmonary angiography D-dimer test.
What is the treatment for PE?
Anticoagulation therapy thrombolytics in severe cases.
What is the difference between Hemophilia A and Hemophilia B?
Factor VIII deficiency (A) vs. Factor IX deficiency (B).
How is von Willebrand Disease different from Hemophilia?
It involves defects in von Willebrand factor affecting platelet adhesion.
What is the role of von Willebrand factor in coagulation?
Mediates platelet adhesion and stabilizes factor VIII.
Which coagulation disorder presents with mucocutaneous bleeding?
von Willebrand Disease.
How does Desmopressin (DDAVP) help in treating some bleeding disorders?
It stimulates release of von Willebrand factor and factor VIII.
What is the management strategy for Hemophilia patients undergoing surgery?
Pre-operative factor replacement therapy.
Why are antifibrinolytic agents used in bleeding disorders?
To stabilize clots and prevent bleeding.
What is the role of anticoagulants in managing thrombotic disorders?
To prevent further clot formation and reduce risk of complications.
How is the severity of Hemophilia classified?
Based on residual factor activity (mild moderate severe).
What is the first-line treatment for severe Hemophilia A?
Recombinant Factor VIII concentrates.
What laboratory test is used to monitor Warfarin therapy?
International Normalized Ratio (INR).
What is the mechanism of action of thromb
