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Haema 2 > Coaguloo > Flashcards

Coaguloo Flashcards

1
Q

What are coagulation disorders?

A

Conditions affecting the blood’s ability to form clots leading to bleeding or thrombosis.

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2
Q

Name two types of coagulation disorders.

A

Hemophilia and von Willebrand Disease.

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3
Q

What is the pathophysiology of coagulation disorders?

A

Deficiencies or dysfunctions in clotting factors platelets or regulatory proteins.

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4
Q

What clinical features are seen in bleeding disorders?

A

Spontaneous bleeding hemarthrosis prolonged bleeding time.

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5
Q

What are the clinical features of thrombotic disorders?

A

Swelling pain redness (DVT) chest pain shortness of breath (PE).

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6
Q

How is hemophilia inherited?

A

X-linked recessive pattern.

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7
Q

Which clotting factor is deficient in Hemophilia A?

A

Factor VIII.

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8
Q

Which clotting factor is deficient in Hemophilia B?

A

Factor IX.

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9
Q

What genetic mutation causes Hemophilia A?

A

Mutation in the F8 gene.

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10
Q

What genetic mutation causes von Willebrand Disease?

A

Mutations in the VWF gene affecting von Willebrand factor.

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11
Q

What is the treatment for Hemophilia A?

A

Factor VIII replacement therapy.

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12
Q

What is the treatment for von Willebrand Disease?

A

Desmopressin (DDAVP) or VWF concentrates.

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13
Q

What diagnostic tests are used for Hemophilia?

A

Factor assays genetic testing.

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14
Q

What diagnostic test assesses the intrinsic pathway of coagulation?

A

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT).

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15
Q

What diagnostic test assesses the extrinsic pathway of coagulation?

A

Prothrombin Time (PT).

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16
Q

What vitamin deficiency can lead to coagulation disorders?

A

Vitamin K deficiency.

17
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of vitamin K deficiency in coagulation?

A

Prolonged PT and aPTT.

18
Q

How does liver disease affect coagulation?

A

Impairs synthesis of clotting factors.

19
Q

Name a thrombotic disorder.

A

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT).

20
Q

What imaging modality is used to diagnose DVT?

A

Doppler ultrasound.

21
Q

What is the first-line treatment for DVT?

A

Anticoagulation therapy (e.g. Heparin).

22
Q

What is a complication of DVT?

A

Pulmonary Embolism (PE).

23
Q

What are the symptoms of PE?

A

Sudden chest pain shortness of breath hemoptysis.

24
Q

How is PE diagnosed?

A

CT pulmonary angiography D-dimer test.

25
Q

What is the treatment for PE?

A

Anticoagulation therapy thrombolytics in severe cases.

26
Q

What is the difference between Hemophilia A and Hemophilia B?

A

Factor VIII deficiency (A) vs. Factor IX deficiency (B).

27
Q

How is von Willebrand Disease different from Hemophilia?

A

It involves defects in von Willebrand factor affecting platelet adhesion.

28
Q

What is the role of von Willebrand factor in coagulation?

A

Mediates platelet adhesion and stabilizes factor VIII.

29
Q

Which coagulation disorder presents with mucocutaneous bleeding?

A

von Willebrand Disease.

30
Q

How does Desmopressin (DDAVP) help in treating some bleeding disorders?

A

It stimulates release of von Willebrand factor and factor VIII.

31
Q

What is the management strategy for Hemophilia patients undergoing surgery?

A

Pre-operative factor replacement therapy.

32
Q

Why are antifibrinolytic agents used in bleeding disorders?

A

To stabilize clots and prevent bleeding.

33
Q

What is the role of anticoagulants in managing thrombotic disorders?

A

To prevent further clot formation and reduce risk of complications.

34
Q

How is the severity of Hemophilia classified?

A

Based on residual factor activity (mild moderate severe).

35
Q

What is the first-line treatment for severe Hemophilia A?

A

Recombinant Factor VIII concentrates.

36
Q

What laboratory test is used to monitor Warfarin therapy?

A

International Normalized Ratio (INR).

37
Q

What is the mechanism of action of thromb

A

Haema 2 (6 decks)

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