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A-CNS PATHO > CNS TUMOR PART 2 > Flashcards

CNS TUMOR PART 2 Flashcards

1
Q

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
____________________
Pilocytic astrocytoma
Is grade …
ageL .,…. and ……
It is the most common CNS neoplasm in childern
causing ,,,.,and,,,, symtopms
site in ,,,,,,,,,
Behavior is ……..and…..and……prognosis

A

Grade1
Children and young adults
Headache and ataxia
Cerebellum
3rd ventricle - spinal cord - cerebral hemispheres or Optic Nerve .
Bening slowly growing with good prognosis

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2
Q

Most common CNS neoplasm in children ?

A

Piocytic astrocytoma

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3
Q

Genetic profile of piloastrocytoma

A

BNM
1-Alteartions of BRAF

2- inactivation of Neurofibramatiosis type 1
3-Mitogen activated protein kinase pathway MAPK Path activated
_++++++++++++++=
No IDH Mutation

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4
Q

describe pilocytic astrocytoma grossly

A

May be
1-Cystic with mural nodule in the wall of the cyst
or
2-Well cirumscribe solid mass

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5
Q

Rosenthal fibers appear in ?

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma

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6
Q

Pilocytic astrocytoma in microso ?
,,,,,,,,phasic pattern
,,,,,,BODIES
More often in loose regions
Necrosis and mistosi are raer

A

Low to moderate cellulari
Biphasic pattern

with Rosenthal fibers apperance

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7
Q

with Rosenthal fibers apperance stian + with

A

Glial fibrillary acid protien

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8
Q

Immature higly celleular
Higly mitotic active
- higly malignant
poorly differentiated neoplasms dissemiating along CSF “resembling Developing nervous system” and belongs to
“small round blue cell tumor “

A

Embryonal neoplams grade 4
grade 4

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9
Q

mention examples of embryonal neoplams

A

Medullablastoma
AT RT atypical teratoid Rhabdoid tumor
Embryonal tumor with multilayer rosettes
CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumor PNETs

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10
Q

Menignioma
Behavior ?
20% of all 1ry intracranial tumors
Usually SS?
Age ? sex?
grade?

A

benign
___________
Solitary - slowly growing
in female more in adults more
grade 1

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11
Q

Origin of Meniginoma ?

A

Arise from arachanoid meningothelial cells
Attached to dura
may extend to overlying bone

Ionizing radiation
Hormones

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12
Q

Menignoma sporadic and solitary common
Describe genetic profile

A

MCN
Merlin inactivation
+
Loss of one copy of Chormosome 22

______________________________-
NF2 INCREASES THE Probability of Meningioma
prognosis depends on ?
Sixe - location - surgical accessibility and histological grade

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13
Q

describe gross picture of the menigioma

A

Greyish white
Well cirumscribed
Dura based
Hyperostosis
cut surface whorlly shaped
brain compression

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14
Q

Gritty sensation in cutting menigoma why?

A

Psammoma bodies

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15
Q

Mention micrpscopic types of Menigomas

A

sftp
Synctial
Fibroblastic
transitonal
psammomtous

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16
Q

Synctial mengiona is ?

A

menngioma with cells in whorls and no cell membrane visible

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17
Q

Fibroblastic menigiona

A

Menigoma with elongated cells surrouned bundles of collagen

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18
Q

Transitional Meningioma

A

Between synctial and Fibroblastic so ! ?
Whotls + bundle of fibroblastic tissue of collagen

19
Q

Psammaotus ?! meenigoma

A

Psammoma bodies

20
Q

Atypical meningoma is interdeiate between beiningan and malignant states with increased mitotic activiy and brain invasion how do you know it?
What is its features ?

A

-Increased Cellularity
-Small cells with Increasd Nucelar cytoplasmic ratio
-Prominet Nuclei
-Cellular growth as sheet
Foci of spon atnerous necrosis

21
Q

Anaplatsic maligant meniegona
Grade….
maligant cytology resmbing ?
Marked increasi in ?

A

Grade 3
Carcinoma melanoma sarcoma of high grade
Mitotic activity

22
Q

Tumors of the cranial and paraspinal nerve - schwanomas
8%=
85%
30%
______________
90% are ,ss?
4% arise in the setting of ?
The peak incidne in ,,,, to ,,, decades

A

Intracrainal tumors
Cerebellopontine angle tumors
Spinal nerve root tumors
______________________
Soliraty sporadic
NF2
4 To 6th

23
Q

Schwannoma Neurilemmoma
…..Nerve sheath tumor of ……. origin
derived from ,,,,,cellls which nomrally produce ,,,,,,,,
Gross ……….,………………,………….attached to nerve from outside and can be easily separated from it
Maligant change very rare

A

Beining of NEURAL CREST ORIGIN
Swhanc cells = myelin
________________________
Solitary well circumscribed encapsulated tumprs

24
Q

peiroheral schannomas are ,,,,,,,
paraspinal tumors :-
Spinal nerve tumors = …..+signs of ………..
8th cranial nerve tumors leads to ? …..,….,….
Motor symptoms are ,,,, becauses ?

A

Asymptomatic
radiuclar pain + signs of nerve root compression
Hearing loss ,tinnutis +vertigo
__________________
uncommon becasue? Schwannmoas favor sensort nerve roots

25
Q

Hallmark of NF2 IS ?

A

Bilateral Vestibular tumors

26
Q

THe most common presentation of schwannomas ?

A

Pain !
paiiiiiin !

27
Q

Primary central Nervous system lymphoma
High grade diffuse …..lymphoma
accounting for 2% of ,,,,,,,,,,, and 1% ,,,,,,,,,,
in ummunosuppresed most common CNS neoplasm
In non immunosupprede incidence increased after,,,,,,years
Aggrssive with poor ?
Lymphoma orginating outside CNS reasrly spreads to brain parenchyma

A

B cell
Extranodal lymphoma + intracranial tumors
___________________
60 years
____________
poor response to chemotherapy
___________________

28
Q

Gross of primary cns lymphoma

A

Homgoenous firm
Brownish gray in color
with Hge and Necrosis

29
Q

Micro of primary cns lymphoma

A

Sheets of anaplastic B Cells with prominetn nuceli
Necrosis
Reactive inflammatory infiltrate

30
Q

The most common primary CNS germ cell tumor is

A

Germinoma

31
Q

Germ cell tumors
Primary brain germ cell tuomrs along the ……. in …..and ……
1% of ……..
age……..

A

Midline
pineal &suprasellar
brain tumors
first and second decades

32
Q

Metatic carncimoc tumots mention

A

Lung breast Kideny GIT

33
Q

tumor in skin gives to brain ?

A

Maligantn melanoma

34
Q

acute leukimia gives?

A

menigeal deposits

35
Q

Metastaitc tumors route ?
or directly
site
80% in
15%
may in ?

A

HEMATOGENOUS
___________
Cerebral hemispherea at junction of white and grey matter
cerebellm
dura and leptomeingies

36
Q

Metatstic spinal cord compression
MSCC

A

Local back pain or refered pain in limb is the intial presenting symptom

37
Q

Familiat tumor syndrome

A

due to inacticvation of tumor supressor genes as ?
Tuberous sclerosis
Von hipple lindu disease

38
Q

Von hipple lindaue mode of tansmossion is ?
casued by …… mutation of VHL tmours spupreesor gene located on chromosome ,,,,
VHL Protien plays a role in ,,,,,,,,

A

Autosomal dominant
Germline
3p
Cellular oxygen sensing

39
Q

Hemangioblastoma of VHl disease in ?

A

Retina CEREBELLUM SPINAL CORD KIDENY PANCREAS

40
Q

Hemangioma of VHL ?

A

Lungs
Liver
Pancreas cyst
kideny pheochromcytoma renal cysts renal cell carcinoma

41
Q

Symptoms of VHL ?

A

Hemagnioblastoma
Hemangioma

42
Q

الحمدلله رب العالمين

A
43
Q

Verocay bodies found in ?

A

Schwannomma

A-CNS PATHO (7 decks)

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