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A-CNS PATHO > CNS infections > Flashcards

CNS infections Flashcards

1
Q

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
____________________
modes of spread of infections to CNS

A

PHDL
Peripheral nerves
Hematogenous
Direct implanatitaon
Local extension

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2
Q

Local extneison from ?

A

Air sinuses
Infeceted tooth
Otistis media
surgery

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3
Q

Epidural and subdural abscess by?

A

staph + strept

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4
Q

Direct local spread form ajacent sinusitis or ostero,yleits mays cause

A

Epidural abscess

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5
Q

Infections from skull or air sinuses may spread to subdural space causing

A

Subdural empyema

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6
Q

Thrombophlebitis in veins crossing the subdural spave causing ?

A

Venous occlusion and brain infarction

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7
Q

Gross of CSF oa acute pyogenic menigitis

A

Increased CSF opened pressure
Turbid
Abundant neurtophlis and proteins decreased glucose

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8
Q

Microscopic aucte pyogenic meningitis

A

Subarachnoid space filled with Pus Neutrophils And fibrin
With dialted congested BVs

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9
Q

Comlication of pyogenic menigits ?

A

Septicemia then
Infective endocarditis
Acute adrenal insufficieny
cause water house fridrichsan syndomre with( shock - fever - sever cutanupus heges coma and death )

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10
Q

Local complications of Menigits ?

A

=Increased ICT causing Dmage to C346 and dipliopia squint and Ptosis
_______________________
=Encephalitis
=Thromobosis of blood vessels infaction
=Meninginal fibrosis occluding foramina of Magendi and Luchka
Causing:
in child : hydocephalus
in adults : Increased ICP and Cranial nerves 346 damage diplopa ptosis and squint

__________________________
2 inflammation+ fibrosis + pressure

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11
Q

Viral septic menigits CSF

A

Increased “ Lymphocytes”
ptoein normal or moderate elveation
normal glucose
increased pressure
_____________________

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12
Q

Gross and micro in viral menigits

A

Gross no cc
MIcro : Mild moderate infiltration of leptomenigies with lymphocytes
The Virus is commonly enterovirus

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13
Q

Graulomatous menigitis =

A

Tubeclosus mengigtis
fungal meningitits

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14
Q

In tubeculosus menigits
Subarachnoid space is filled with ?
Mostly at the …. of the brain obliterating the ,,,,, and encases ,,,,,,,,
Discerte white granules scattered on ………….

A

Geltainous exudate or fibrinous exudate
________________
Base
Cisterna and CNs
_________________
Leptomenigies

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15
Q

CSF in tubeculosus mingitis

A

MonoNuclear cells increased
Protein elevation
Glucose moderately odecreases

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15
Q

CSF in tubeculosus mingitis

A

MonoNuclear cells increased
Protein elevation
Glucose moderately odecreases

16
Q

Tubercloma= well circumscribe intraparynchymal mass assoicated with ?

A

TB menigits

17
Q

Gross of Tuberculosis menigits

A

Tubeculoma
Well circumscribed
firm
avascular mass
Inside the mass : yellowish cramy caseation + Tuberecle bacilli

18
Q

Gross of Tuberculosis menigits

A

Tubeculoma
Well circumscribed
firm
avascular mass
Inside the mass : yellowish creamy caseation + Tuberecle bacilli

19
Q

Focal suppuarative infection in the brain or subdural space

A

Brain abscess

19
Q

Focal suppuarative infection in the brain or subdural space

A

Brain abscess
by staph sterpt
penmococci
Ecoli

20
Q

Brain abscess mode of infection

A

Hematogenous = systemic pyemia = acute bacetrial endocarditis
acute suppureative lung disease
then brain abscess
______
direct implanation
______
Local extension :- from suppurative mastoditis or acuute suppurative otitis media

21
Q

Common sites of brain abscess

A

Frontal due to lung infection sinsitis and fraactures
Tempropairetal : due to middle ear disease
Mutliple small abscesss in pyemia

22
Q

Compare between gross of acute and chronic brain abscess

A

Acute :
Shaggy irregular wall
Center of pus and liqufiication
Surrounded by area of congestion
__________________
Chronic :
Smooth fibrous wall
Surrounded by reactive gliosis

23
Q

Clinical manficiations of Brain abscess:-
Progressive fatal defecits
INcreased ICT and progressive ………. that is fatal
Abscess rupture ?VeonM
________

CSF ? WBC?
PROTEIN?
Glucose ?

A

Herniation
___________
Ventricultis
Meningitis
Venous sinus thrombosis
_____________
WBC++
Protein ++
glucose normal

24
Q

Viral Encephlaitis Microscopic

A

-Perivascular and parenchyma Mononuclear cell infiltration
__________________
-Microglia sharing in microglial nodules Neurophagia

25
Q

HIV on CNS:
Direct effec on nervous system
HIV Patients usually develo
Opportunistic infectios or tumors as …..
Direct injury to brain causing?

A

Primary CNS lymphoma
_____________________
HIV1 aseptic menigits
HIV1 Meningoencephlatis

26
Q

Progressive mutlifocal leukoencephlaopathy CAUSED BY? ?

A

JC VIRUS!
Papovirus
In immunosuppresed with poor prognosis

27
Q

? Effect of PML

A

Irregular ill defined destruction of white matter
Virus causes demyleination due to attacking
Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes

28
Q

Herpes simplex Viral encephalitis type1 :

age?
Site :
causing?

A

Children and young adults
Inferior and medial regions of Temporal lobe +orbital gyri

Causing change in Memory mood behavior
_________

29
Q

Herpes simplex viral encepalitsi type 2 :
aGE?

A

Menignits in adults
_____________
diffuce encephalitis in neonetas with vaginal birth in women with active HSV genital infections

30
Q

Cowdry type A intranucelar viral inclusion bodies found in ?

A

Herpes simplex type 1 viral encephlaitis

31
Q

HSV type 1 micro ?

A

Cowdry typue intranuclear viral inclusion bodies
prevascular ingiltration of mononuclear cells

32
Q

Negri bodies ?

A

Rabies
representing intracytoplasic eosinophilic inculsions

33
Q

Fungal encephalitis

A

cANDIA Albican
Mucro mycosis
aspergillus fumigates
cryptococcus neformans

34
Q

Mode of fungal infection ?

A

Heamtogenous !
Direct extension
From siususe as mucormycosis in diabetics

35
Q

Parastic diseases ?>

A

Toxo
cystticercosis

amebiasis
Hydatid cysT
_____________
oTHER INFECTION Neurosyphlis + prion accumulation of misfolded proteins resist denaturation by chemical and physical

36
Q

الحمدلله رب العالمين

A

A-CNS PATHO (7 decks)

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