CNS Primer Questions Section 4

Question 1

During the past 50 years, the average total caloric intake among infants in the United States:

Has not changed
Has decreased
Has increased
Is not possible to assess

Answer 1

Has increased

Question 2

Aging is associated with several changes in metabolism, including:

Increased basal metabolic rate, reduced muscle mass, and increased fat deposition.
Increased basal metabolic rate, reduced muscle mass, and decreased fat deposition.
Decreased basal metabolic rate, reduced muscle mass, and decreased fat deposition.
Decreased basal metabolic rate, reduced muscle mass, and increased fat deposition.

Answer 2

Decreased basal metabolic rate, reduced muscle mass, and increased fat deposition.

Question 3

An exercise program combining aerobic and strength exercises will increase metabolic rate by about:

10% or less
25% to 50%
50% to 100%
100% or more

Answer 3

10% or less

Question 4

Prior to becoming pregnant, women can reduce the risk of giving birth to offspring with neural tube defects by eating more foods rich in:

Biotin
Calcium
Folate
Vitamin B12

Answer 4

Folate

Question 5

Compared to his peers, a healthy 15-year old male who is a competitive weight lifter should consume more protein and more:

Minerals
Carbohydrates
Fat
Carbohydrates and Fat

Answer 5

Carbohydrates

Question 6

Avoidance of foods of animal origin requires dietary proteins to be:

Readily digestible
Good sources of nonessential amino acids
High in biological value
Balanced in their essential amino acid composition

Answer 6

Balanced in their essential amino acid composition

Question 7

A vegetarian who ingests no animal products whatsoever is most at risk for developing a deficiency of:

Calcium and Vitamins A & D
Vitamins B12, C, & D
Protein, Calories, and Vitamin C
Vitamin B12, Riboflavin, & Zinc

Answer 7

Vitamin B12, Riboflavin, & Zinc

Question 8

Megaloblastic anemia of pregnancy usually results from a deficiency of:

Iron
Oxytocin
Antipernicious anemia factor
Folacin

Answer 8

Folacin

Question 9

During gestation, dietary requirements are increased for:

Vitamin A
Pyridoxine & Pantothenic acid
Thiamin, Riboflavin, & Niacin
Vitamin D

Answer 9

Thiamin, Riboflavin, & Niacin

Question 10

During gestation, the fetus receives nourishment primarily from:

Nutrient secretions from fallopian tube cells
Tropoblast cells of the decidua basilis
The amniotic fluid
The placental circulation

Answer 10

The placental circulation

Question 11

Compared to commercial infant formulas, human milk has a greater concentration of:

Cholesterol
Protein
Casein
Linoleic acid

Answer 11

Cholesterol

Question 12

An infant should be introduced to new foods one at a time because:

Overfeeding can be prevented
Swallowing is not yet under complete voluntary control
Immunologic protection has not yet developed
Any subsequent allergic reaction can be associated with the triggering food

Answer 12

Any subsequent allergic reaction can be associated with the triggering food

Question 13

The most serious consequence of feeding “double-strength” formula to an infant is likely to be:

Sleepiness
Colic
Mental impairement
Dehydration

Answer 13

Dehydration

Question 14

The best predictor of energy needs during adolescence is:

Chronologic age
Change in body weight
Increase in height
Muscle growth

Answer 14

Increase in height

Question 15

Some nutrient requirements are greater during lactation than during pregnancy; however, the requirements are the same for:

B Vitamins
Calcium and Iron
Fluoride and Zinc
Vitamins A and C

Answer 15

Calcium and Iron

Question 16

Weight loss in obese persons is associate with increased risk for:

Gallstones
Hypertension
Hypertriglyceridemia
Glycosuria

Answer 16

Gallstones

Question 17

The caloric equivalent of one gram of lean tissue is approximately:

1 Kcal
2 Kcal
4 Kcal
9 Kcal

Answer 17

1 Kcal

Question 18

To maintain basic hydration, an elderly individual must consume at least:

4 cups of fluid per day
8 cups of fluid per day
12 cups of fluid per day
16 cups of fluid per day

Answer 18

8 cups of fluid per day

Question 19

In order to maximize the health of her fetus, a woman in the sixth month of pregnancy should supplement her diet with additional:

Iron and Folic acid
Iron and Calcium
Calories and Folic acid
Calories and Iron

Answer 19

Calories and Iron

Question 20

The fetus requires most of its calcium during:

The first trimester
The second trimester
The third trimester
Maternal dietary calcium excess

Answer 20

The third trimester

Question 21

Compared to the requirements of a nonpregnant adult woman, the dietary requirements for several vitamins are increased during gestation; among these are the requirements for:

Vitamin A
Pyridoxine and Pantothenic acid
Thiamin, Riboflavin, and Niacin
Vitamin D

Answer 21

Thiamin, Riboflavin, and Niacin

Question 22

A woman who is overweight or obese at the time of conception should modify her diet to reduce her weight:

During the second and third trimesters
During the third trimester
Throughout pregnancy
After parturition

Answer 22

After parturition

Question 23

Among the members of the following ethnic group, hypertensive individuals usually are salt-sensitive:

Elderly African-Americans
Elderly Caucasian-Americans
Young African-Americans
Young Caucasian-Americans

Answer 23

Elderly African-Americans