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CNS Exam June 2023 > CNS Primer Questions Section 2 > Flashcards

CNS Primer Questions Section 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Dysgeusia may result from a dietary deficiency of the nutrient:

Iron
Magnesium
Manganese
Zinc

A

Zinc

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2
Q

Pantothenic acid is a component of:

FAD
NAD
Hemoglobin
Coenzyme A

A

Coenzyme A

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3
Q

Selenium deficiency has been implicated in the development of:

Iron deficiency anemia
Subclinical hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Night blindness

A

Subclinical hypothyroidism.

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4
Q

The dietary fatty acid considered to be essential in the diet of humans is:

Stearic acid
Oleic acid
Linoleic acid
Palmitic acid

A

Linoleic acid

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5
Q

Iron is absorbed in the small intestine in the form of:

Ferrous iron
Ferric iron
Ferritin
Transferrin

A

Ferrous iron

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6
Q

The risk of congenital microencephaly increases during pregnancy when habitual intake of pre-formed vitamin A exceeds the RDA for vitamin A by:

5-fold
50-fold
100-fold
1000-fold

A

5-fold

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7
Q

Vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene may exert cardioprotective effects by:

Enhancing the conversion of SFA to PUFA
Stimulating Hepatic synthesis of HDL
Inhibiting the oxidation of LDL
Increasing LDL receptor number

A

Inhibiting the oxidation of LDL

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8
Q

Signs of a deficiency in essential fatty acids include:

Soft fingernails
Dull skin and dandruff
Edema
Sleep disorders

A

Dull skin and dandruff

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9
Q

The form in which fatty acids usually are found in food is as:

Free fatty acids
Mannan polymers
Cholesterol esters
Triglycerides

A

Triglycerides

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10
Q

A dietary source of omega-3 essential fatty acids is:

Primrose oil
Arachidonic oil
Flax oil
Milk fat

A

Flax oil

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11
Q

The disease associated with deficiency of vitamin B1 is known as:

Multiple sclerosis
Beri-beri
Scurvy
Pellagra

A

Beri-beri

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12
Q

Polyneuropathy may accompany chronic consumption of large amounts of:

Dairy foods
Starch
Alcohol
Meats

A

Alcohol

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13
Q

Of beef, bacon, salmon, and broccoli, the food source with the greatest nutrient density (g per 100 Kcal) for fat is:

Beef
Bacon
Salmon
Broccoli

A

Bacon

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14
Q

Chromium influences plasma glucose concentrations by stimulating:

Starch blocker activity
Myocyte sodium-glucose transport
Absorption of dietary glucose
Hepatic gluconeogenesis

A

Myocyte sodium-glucose transport

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15
Q

Most vegetables are generally considered to be nutritionally inferior to most animal proteins because typically they contain:

Indigestible polypeptide sequences
Small amounts of abnormal amino acids
Inadequate amounts of glutamine
Fewer essential amino acids

A

Fewer essential amino acids

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16
Q

Two vitamins which are very toxic when ingested in amounts 10-fold or more greater than the current USRDA are:

Vitamin A and thiamin
Vitamin A and folic acid
Vitamin A and vitamin D
Vitamin E and vitamin K

A

Vitamin A and vitamin D

17
Q

An early indicator of impending selenosis is:

Headache
Easy bruising
Numbness of hands and feet
Garlic odor of breath

A

Garlic odor of breath

18
Q

The consumption of 1750 excess Kcal will result in the deposition of new body fat weighing:

17.5 g
175 g
225 g
454 g

A

225 g

19
Q

Iron in foods is primarily in the form of:

Ferrous iron
Ferric iron
Ferritin
Transferrin

A

Ferric iron

20
Q

Most of the activated folic acid in the human body is in the form of:

Folate
Folacin
S-adenosylmethionine
Methyltetrahydrofolic acid

A

Methyltetrahydrofolic acid

21
Q

A good dietary source of riboflavin is a:

Peach
Carrot
Coconut
Steak

A

Steak

22
Q

Among the foods beef, bacon, fish, and spinach, the food source with the greatest nutrient density (mg per 100 Kcal) for iron is:

Beef
Bacon
Fish
Spinach

A

Spinach

23
Q

Among the following foods, the nutrient density of vitamin D is greatest in:

Cheese
Salmon
Green leafy vegetables
Beef

A

Salmon

24
Q

The best source of supplemental calcium for an elderly woman with hypochlorhydria is:

Calcium carbonate
Calcium phosphate
Calcium citrate
Bone meal

A

Calcium citrate

25
Q

Excessive consumption of dietary fiber impairs the bioavailability of:

Protein
Zinc
Essential fatty acids
Vitamin D

A

Zinc

26
Q

Cruciferous vegetables lack:

Highly bioavailable calcium
Cancer-inhibiting indoles
Large amounts of vitamin K
Large amounts of beta-carotene

A

Highly bioavailable calcium

27
Q

The vitamin K content of human breastmilk is:

Undetectable
Low
High
Unknown

A

Low

28
Q

25-OHD3 is converted to 1,25-(OH)2D3 by:

Neurons
Sunlight
Hepatocytes
Renal cells

A

Renal cells

29
Q

Daily consumption of 50 Kcal of excess dietary energy for a year will produce a weight gain of:

4-5 lbs
10-12 lbs
20-25 lbs
40-50 lbs

A

4-5 lbs

30
Q

Skeletal manifestations of hypervitaminosis A include:

Cortical sclerosis
Cortical porosis
Osteomalacia
Osteonecrosis

A

Cortical porosis

31
Q

Selenium is a required cofactor for:

NADP reductase
Glutathione reductase
Glutathione transferase
Glutathione peroxidase

A

Glutathione peroxidase

32
Q

Vitamin E deficiency in humans commonly results in:

Neurological dysfunction
Respiratory dysfunction
Reproductive dysfunction
Digestive dysfunction

A

Neurological dysfunction

33
Q

Quercetin protects ascorbic acid from:

Oxidation
Reduction
Dehydrogenation
Desaturation

A

Oxidation

34
Q

Flavonoids are:

Water soluble
Lipid miscible
Alcohols
Carcinogens

A

Lipid miscible

CNS Exam June 2023 (10 decks)

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