CNS Primer Questions Section 2 Flashcards
Dysgeusia may result from a dietary deficiency of the nutrient:
Iron
Magnesium
Manganese
Zinc
Zinc
Pantothenic acid is a component of:
FAD
NAD
Hemoglobin
Coenzyme A
Coenzyme A
Selenium deficiency has been implicated in the development of:
Iron deficiency anemia
Subclinical hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Night blindness
Subclinical hypothyroidism.
The dietary fatty acid considered to be essential in the diet of humans is:
Stearic acid
Oleic acid
Linoleic acid
Palmitic acid
Linoleic acid
Iron is absorbed in the small intestine in the form of:
Ferrous iron
Ferric iron
Ferritin
Transferrin
Ferrous iron
The risk of congenital microencephaly increases during pregnancy when habitual intake of pre-formed vitamin A exceeds the RDA for vitamin A by:
5-fold
50-fold
100-fold
1000-fold
5-fold
Vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene may exert cardioprotective effects by:
Enhancing the conversion of SFA to PUFA
Stimulating Hepatic synthesis of HDL
Inhibiting the oxidation of LDL
Increasing LDL receptor number
Inhibiting the oxidation of LDL
Signs of a deficiency in essential fatty acids include:
Soft fingernails
Dull skin and dandruff
Edema
Sleep disorders
Dull skin and dandruff
The form in which fatty acids usually are found in food is as:
Free fatty acids
Mannan polymers
Cholesterol esters
Triglycerides
Triglycerides
A dietary source of omega-3 essential fatty acids is:
Primrose oil
Arachidonic oil
Flax oil
Milk fat
Flax oil
The disease associated with deficiency of vitamin B1 is known as:
Multiple sclerosis
Beri-beri
Scurvy
Pellagra
Beri-beri
Polyneuropathy may accompany chronic consumption of large amounts of:
Dairy foods
Starch
Alcohol
Meats
Alcohol
Of beef, bacon, salmon, and broccoli, the food source with the greatest nutrient density (g per 100 Kcal) for fat is:
Beef
Bacon
Salmon
Broccoli
Bacon
Chromium influences plasma glucose concentrations by stimulating:
Starch blocker activity
Myocyte sodium-glucose transport
Absorption of dietary glucose
Hepatic gluconeogenesis
Myocyte sodium-glucose transport
Most vegetables are generally considered to be nutritionally inferior to most animal proteins because typically they contain:
Indigestible polypeptide sequences
Small amounts of abnormal amino acids
Inadequate amounts of glutamine
Fewer essential amino acids
Fewer essential amino acids
Two vitamins which are very toxic when ingested in amounts 10-fold or more greater than the current USRDA are:
Vitamin A and thiamin
Vitamin A and folic acid
Vitamin A and vitamin D
Vitamin E and vitamin K
Vitamin A and vitamin D
An early indicator of impending selenosis is:
Headache
Easy bruising
Numbness of hands and feet
Garlic odor of breath
Garlic odor of breath
The consumption of 1750 excess Kcal will result in the deposition of new body fat weighing:
17.5 g
175 g
225 g
454 g
225 g
Iron in foods is primarily in the form of:
Ferrous iron
Ferric iron
Ferritin
Transferrin
Ferric iron
Most of the activated folic acid in the human body is in the form of:
Folate
Folacin
S-adenosylmethionine
Methyltetrahydrofolic acid
Methyltetrahydrofolic acid
A good dietary source of riboflavin is a:
Peach
Carrot
Coconut
Steak
Steak
Among the foods beef, bacon, fish, and spinach, the food source with the greatest nutrient density (mg per 100 Kcal) for iron is:
Beef
Bacon
Fish
Spinach
Spinach
Among the following foods, the nutrient density of vitamin D is greatest in:
Cheese
Salmon
Green leafy vegetables
Beef
Salmon
The best source of supplemental calcium for an elderly woman with hypochlorhydria is:
Calcium carbonate
Calcium phosphate
Calcium citrate
Bone meal
Calcium citrate
Excessive consumption of dietary fiber impairs the bioavailability of:
Protein
Zinc
Essential fatty acids
Vitamin D
Zinc
Cruciferous vegetables lack:
Highly bioavailable calcium
Cancer-inhibiting indoles
Large amounts of vitamin K
Large amounts of beta-carotene
Highly bioavailable calcium
The vitamin K content of human breastmilk is:
Undetectable
Low
High
Unknown
Low
25-OHD3 is converted to 1,25-(OH)2D3 by:
Neurons
Sunlight
Hepatocytes
Renal cells
Renal cells
Daily consumption of 50 Kcal of excess dietary energy for a year will produce a weight gain of:
4-5 lbs
10-12 lbs
20-25 lbs
40-50 lbs
4-5 lbs
Skeletal manifestations of hypervitaminosis A include:
Cortical sclerosis
Cortical porosis
Osteomalacia
Osteonecrosis
Cortical porosis
Selenium is a required cofactor for:
NADP reductase
Glutathione reductase
Glutathione transferase
Glutathione peroxidase
Glutathione peroxidase
Vitamin E deficiency in humans commonly results in:
Neurological dysfunction
Respiratory dysfunction
Reproductive dysfunction
Digestive dysfunction
Neurological dysfunction
Quercetin protects ascorbic acid from:
Oxidation
Reduction
Dehydrogenation
Desaturation
Oxidation
Flavonoids are:
Water soluble
Lipid miscible
Alcohols
Carcinogens
Lipid miscible
