CNS Neoplasms

Question 1

Classification of CNS neoplasms

Answer 1

Grade I: benign. Grade II: malignant. Grade III: malignant tissue actively growing. Grade IV: malignant tissue has cells that look most abnormal and tend to grow quickly

Question 2

supportive tissue of the brain

Answer 2

glial tissue

Question 3

Derived from astrocytes, oligodendrocytes or ependymal cells

Answer 3

gliomas

Question 4

Encompasses 30% of all primary brain tumors and 80% of all malignant brain tumors

Answer 4

gliomas

Question 5

make up 76% of gliomas

Answer 5

astrocytomas and glioblastomas

Question 6

Generally located within the cerebral hemispheres of the brain, highly malignant, and difficult to remove due to finger like tentacles

Answer 6

Grade IV astrocytoma AKA Glioblastoma

Question 7

Avg survival of Grade IV astrocytoma AKA Glioblastoma

Answer 7

2 yrs

Question 8

Most common in the frontal or temporal lobes. slow growing and present for years before diagnosis. grade II-III. 2% of primary brain tumors

Answer 8

Oligodendroglioma

Question 9

Sx include: unilateral weakness, personality/behavior changes, difficulty with short-term memory

Answer 9

frontal lobe oligodendroglioma

Question 10

line the ventricles of the brain and the center of the spinal cord

Answer 10

ependymal cells

Question 11

Relatively rare in adults (2-3% of brain tumors)

More common in children

Answer 11

ependymoma

Question 12

Derived from the meningothelial cells that arise from the coverings of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 12

meningioma

Question 13

Most common primary brain tumor (often benign)

Answer 13

meningioma (34%)

Question 14

Most common schwannoma

Answer 14

acoustic neuromas

Question 15

Tumor that arises from the eighth cranial nerve, Benign, slow growing, Can cause serious complications if they grow and exert pressure on nerves/brain

Answer 15

Acoustic neuroma

Question 16

Sx include: unilateral hearing loss, buzzing/ringing in ears, occasional dizziness, difficulty swallowing, impaired eye mov’t, taste disturbance, unsteadiness

Answer 16

acoustic neuroma

Question 17

Typically occurs in patients with immunodeficiency syndromes. Most often occurs in the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 17

Primary CNS lymphoma

Question 18

Derived from B lymphocytes

Answer 18

Primary CNS lymphoma

Question 19

Tx of Primary CNS lymphoma

Answer 19

Steroids to decrease brain edema and cause regression, chemo/radiation. Inoperable due to location deep in the brain

Question 20

most common type of brain tumors

Answer 20

metastatic

Question 21

most common cancers to metastasize to the brain

Answer 21

lung, renal, melanoma, breast, colon

Question 22

type of neurologic presentation of brain tumors that includes: seizures, weakness, sensory loss, aphasia, visual spatial dysfxn

Answer 22

focal

Question 23

type of neurologic presentation of brain tumors that includes: HA, seizures, N/V, depressed level of consciousness, neurocognitive dsyfxn

Answer 23

generalized

Question 24

Percentage of patients with brain tumors who have headaches

Answer 24

48%

Question 25

Type of headache that is dull, constant, bilateral, increased w/coughing or chang in position, and worse at night. Associated with N/V

Answer 25

tumor headache

Question 26

Most common symptoms of gliomas and cerebral metastases

Answer 26

seizures

Question 27

Medical management of HA/brain edema

Answer 27

steroids-Decadron