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Neuroanatomy > CNS-FA17-Thalamus&Epithalamus > Flashcards

CNS-FA17-Thalamus&Epithalamus Flashcards

1
Q

The gate way to the cerebrum is via?

A

Thalamus

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2
Q

Reasoning for thalamus being the gateway to cerebrum

A

The ascending tracts cannot get to cerebrum w/o passing through thalamus first

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3
Q

The thalamus is a part of the (Diencephalon/Mesencephalon) and is decribed as (Oval/Round) shaped.

A

Diencephalon

Oval

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4
Q

____ % of the time the thalamus attach to each other via the _____

A

50%

Interthamlamic adhesion

result of growth of thalamus

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5
Q

T/F: There is a function relation between the two thalami as a result of fusion

A

False

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6
Q

What are the types of nuclei in the thalamus?

A

◦1. Relay
◦2. Association
◦3. Diffuse

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7
Q

Nucleus in thalamus that receive specific input and go to specific output

A

Relay

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8
Q

Nucleus in the thalamus that are areas that make an association w/ incoming material; end up going out to
a lot of places

A

Association

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9
Q

Nucleus in the thalamus that receives inputs and projects outputs from many areas

A

Diffuse

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10
Q

What is the name of the connective tissue running through the thalamus?

A

Internal medullary lamina

recall that it has a nucleus which are celled intralaminar nuclei

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11
Q

Name of nucleus within the internal medullary lamina

A

Intralaminar nuclei

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12
Q

What is the term for the lamina running on the outside of thalamus?

A

External medullary lamina

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13
Q

What does the external medullary lamina separate?

A

Thalamus from nuclei along the outside

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14
Q

Ventral Anterior nucleus:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Relay

Globus pallidus

Prefrontal cortex

MOTOR FUNCTION

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15
Q

Ventral lateral nucleus:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Relay

Dentate nucleus

Motor cortex

MOTOR FUNCTION

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16
Q

Ventral posterior-ventroposteromedial nucleus:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Relay

Trigeminal

Sensory cortex

SENSORY OF HEAD&NECK

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17
Q

Ventral posterior- ventroposteriolateral nucleus:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Relay

Dorsal column medial lemniscus: SPinothalamic

Sensory cortex

SENSORY OF EVERYTHING BELOW HEAD&NECK

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18
Q

Ventral anterior nuclei of thalamus is associated with which ganglia

A

Basal ganglia

Globus pallidus is a part of basal ganglia

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19
Q

Ventral lateral nucleus of thalamus is associated with the_____

A

Cerebellum

Dentate nucleus is a part of the cerebellum

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20
Q

Ventroposterior nucleus-MEdial and lateral have a function of (Visceral/Somatic) sensation.

21
Q

Medial geniculate nucleus:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Relay

Inferior colliculus

Auditory cortex

HEARING FUNCTION

22
Q

Lateral geniculate nucleus:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Relay

Retina

Visual cortex

SEEING FUNCTION

23
Q

Anterior nucleus:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Association/Relay

Mammillary bodies

Cingulate cortex

LIMBIC (MEMORY FUNCTION)

24
Q

Mediodorsal nucleus or Dorsomedial:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Association/Relay

Olfactory cortex

Prefrontal cortex

THINKING/JUDGEMENT;MOOD FUNCTION (limbic associatio)

25
Q

Lateral posterior/pulvinar nucleus:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Association

Superior colliculus

Visual Assoociation cortex & Parietal association cortex

DRAWS ATTENTION TO STIMULI

26
Q

Reticular nucleus:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Association

Thalamus

Thalamus

“THE BOSS”-REGULATES INFORMATION COMING INTO AND GOING OUT OF THALAMUS

27
Q

Intralaminar nucleus:

Class

Origin

Termination

Function

A

Diffuse

Reticular formation

Cerebral cortex&putamen

ASCENDING RETICULAR ACTIVATION SYSTEM

28
Q

Structures of the epithalamus

A

Pineal Body

Habenula/habenular nucleus

Stria Medullaris

*named according to location

29
Q

T/F: The pineal body is structure of the epithalamus and is related to the thalamus

A

False: NOT AT ALL

30
Q

Together the MGN and LGN are reffered to as_____

A

Metathalamus

31
Q

Small nuclei that lie inferior the thalamus

A

Metathalamus

32
Q

Auditory Pathway

A

Cochlear nuclei —> lateral lemniscus —> inferior colliculus —> Medial geniculate N. —> Auditory cortex

33
Q

What is the bundle of fibers going from the medial geniculate N to the auditory cortex in the auditory pathway

A

Auditory radiations

34
Q

Visual pathway involving Lateral geniculate nucleus

A

Retina —> optic tract —> LGN —> visual cortex

35
Q

What is the bundle of fibers going from LGN to visual cortex in the visual pathway ?

A

Optic radiations

36
Q

The LGN/MGN are more (ventroposterior/ventromedial) than the VPL/ VPM

A

Ventroposterior

37
Q

T/F: These nucleus can have different or multiple origin and termination

38
Q

Which of the nuclei:
1. is the largest

  1. Is derived from the same material lateral posterior and work with it
  2. Functions to make sense of information
A

Pulvinar nuclei

39
Q

Job of an association cortex

A

Relate new/current stimulus to old stimulus

40
Q

T/F: The reticular nucleus is associated with reticular formation

41
Q

Nucleus:

  1. Regulates what comes into the thalamus
  2. Separated from the thalamus on outside
  3. Everything must there to get in or out of thalamus
A

Reticular nucleus

42
Q

What separates the reticular nucleus from the thalamus?

A

External medullary Lamina

43
Q

Which of the diffuse nuclei receives information for the reticular formation —> cerebral cortex —>. Putamen.

Has an action of startle response

A

Intralaminar nucleus

44
Q

Which of the diffuse nuclei receives information for the reticular formation —> cerebral cortex —>. Putamen.

Has an action of startle response (important for survival

A

Intralaminar nucleus

45
Q

Bundle of fibers that above thalamus that includes the Stria medullaris thalami, hebenula and pineal body

A

Epithalamus

46
Q

Nucleus is epithalamus

  1. Relay nucleus from limbic forebrain
  2. Projects to midbrain
  3. Function: negative feedback loops; task does not give you expected result so you stop task
A

Habenular/ habenula

47
Q

Bundle of fibers that raves from the limbic forebrain to the habenula in the epithalamus

A

Stria medullaris thalami

48
Q

Portion of epithalamus

  1. Secrete melatonin; stimulated by lack of light
  2. May/may not clear free radicals
  3. Secretion function suppressed by sympathetic fibers
A

Pineal body

Neuroanatomy (8 decks)

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