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Neuroanatomy > Ascending tract > Flashcards

Ascending tract Flashcards

1
Q

Where is white matter largest in the spinal cord?

A

Superiorly- gets smaller as cord descends

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2
Q

Which matter of the sc does the nuclei reside?

A

Gray matter

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3
Q

Areas where white matter enlarges?

A

Cervical enlargement: Brachial plexus, upper limb C5-T1

Lumbar enlargement: L2-S2, lumbar plexus, lower limb

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4
Q

Lateral motor neurons innervate

A

Limbs

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5
Q

Medial motor neurons innervate

A

Trunk

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6
Q

What segment level does the spinal cord get smaller due to no innervation

A

T1-L2

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7
Q

Cell Types:

In ventral horn

Major motor neuron and is a lower motor neuron that goes to muscle

A

Alpha

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8
Q

Cell Types:

In ventral horn

Part of stretch receptor

A

Gamma

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9
Q

Cell Types:

In ventral horn

Communicates with cells in the spinal cord on different sides

A

Propriospinal

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10
Q

Cell Types:

In Ventral Horn

Carry message from one part of CNS to another

A

Relay Neurons

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11
Q

Cell Types:

In Ventral horn

Separation of gray matter

A

Lamina of Rexed

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12
Q

Psuedounipolar neurons that have centrifugal and centripetal branches

50,000 from T1-L2

100,000 from C5-T1 & L2-S2

Sensory

A

Dorsal root ganglia

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13
Q

Dorsal root ganglia branch that goes away from CNS to receptor

A

Centrifugal

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14
Q

Dorsal root ganglia branch that goes towards the CNS

A

Centripetal

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15
Q

Sensation that is only perceived when it is perceived by cerebral cortex

A

Conscious sensation

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16
Q

Classification of stimuli

A

Exteroception

Proprioception

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17
Q

Conscious Exteroception stimuli

A 
Vision
Hearing
Touch
Pressure
Heat
Cold
Pain
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18
Q

Conscious Proprioeption function

A

Position sense

Kinesthetic sense

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19
Q

Sensation that is not perceived because it doesn’t reach the cerebral cortex

A

Unconscious sensation

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20
Q

Unconscious propriocetion

A

Motor coordination-mostly reflexive

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21
Q

Unconscious enteroception

A

Visceral Reflexes-acidity, pH, etc

22
Q

Somatosensory pathways are primarily__________

A

exteroceptive

23
Q

Somatic sensory pathway rules

A
  1. First order neuron is in DRG
  2. Second order neuron’s cell body is
    ipsilateral but fibers cross into contralateral thalamus
  3. Third order neurons projects into the postcentral gyrus (sensory cortex)
24
Q

Somatic sensory pathways are Somatotopic.

What does that mean

A

Ability to map body part function on pathway

25
Q

Somatic sensory pathways are modulated by interneurons, especially _________

A

Reticular formation

26
Q

Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscus-Function

A

Proprioception

Discrimminative touch/ Epicratic touch

Vibration

27
Q

Dorsal column medial-Lemniscus refers to

A

Gracile and Cuneate fascicle that run up sc in end in medulla

28
Q

What path do the gracile and cuneate fascicle of the dorsal column medial lemnicus pathway take

A

1st order- from DRG

2nd order- synapse in cuneate nucleus and gracile and ascend up brainstem to thalamus

3rd order- ends in ventral posteriolateral nucleus in the thalamus

29
Q

The fibers of the the dorsal column -medial lemniscus cross into the medulla. What are the crossing fibers called?

A

Internal arcuate fibers

30
Q

What are the tracts involved with the dorsal column -medial lemniscus pathway?

A

Gracile fascicle

Cuneate fascicle

Corona Radiatia

31
Q

Once the fibers of the DCML cross, what do they do?

A

Ascend up brain stem

32
Q

When are the fibers of the DCML called medial lemniscus ?

A

As they ascend up brainstem

33
Q

Where do the fiber go after the leave the thalamus?

A

Travel post central gyrus (somatosensory)

Fibers are called internal capsule and then corona radiata

34
Q

What are the fibers of the DCML leaving the thalamus called?

A

Internal capsule

35
Q

After internal capsule fibers pass the basal ganglia what are they called?

A

Corona radiata

36
Q

How many pathway are in the anterolateral system?

A

Spinothalamic

Spinoreticular

Spinotectal

Spinoolivary

37
Q

What is the function of the anterolateral system?

A

Pain

Temperature

Crude touch

38
Q

ALS:

Spinothalamic region responsible for noxious(pain) and temperature

A

Lateral

39
Q

ALS:

Portion of spinothalamic tract responsible to light touch?

A

Anterior

40
Q

ALS: Spinothalamic pathway

A

1st order- DRG

2nd order- synapse in lamina I️, IV, V (sometimes III)

3rd order- into ventral posterolateral of the thalamus

41
Q

Tracts of the spinothalamic

A

Anterolateral system

Also called spinal lemniscus only as it goes through brainstem

42
Q

Fibers of the spinothalamic pathway decussate over where?

A

Anterior white commissure

  • Lateral- 1 segment (spinal nerve segment)
  • Anterior- over several segments (2-3) (spinal nerve segment)
43
Q

Spinoreticular (Paleospinothalamic) Pathway

A

DRG —> Lamina V, VI, VII —> some fibers decussate and some don’t, there is no somatotopography—> ascend bilaterally into reticular formation

44
Q

Spinoreticular function

A

Awareness

Emotion of sensation such as pain

45
Q

Cerebellar Tracts:

Unconscious proprioception From Lower body

DRG—>Dorsal Nucleus of Clarke/Dorsal thoracic (VII) T1-L2—> Posterior spinocerebellar tract—> inferior cerebellar peduncle into cerebellum

A

Posterior spinocerebellar

46
Q

Cerebellar tracts:

unconscious proprioception Upper body
- Dorsal Root ganglion
-Ascend through cuneate fascicle
– second order - accessory cuneate nucleus
– inferior cerebellar peduncle in cerebellum

A

Cuneocerebellar

47
Q

Cerebellar tract:

The reflex arcs

A

Anterior spinocerebellar

Rostral spinocerebellar

48
Q

Cerebellar tracts:

Reflex arc for lower body

Fibers are crossed unlike other cerebellar tracts

Exit in superior cerebellar tract

A

Anterior cerebellar

49
Q

Cerebellar tract:

Reflex arc of upper body

Fibers are uncrossed

Exit in superior and inferior peduncle to cerebellum

A

Rostral Spinocerebellar

50
Q

Tract that is responsible for turning the head towards a stimulus

A

Spinotectal

Neuroanatomy (8 decks)

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