CNS

Question 1

sensory, motor interp, language

Answer 1

cerebrum

Question 2

d/o of cerebrum

Answer 2

stroke
cerebral palsy
alcoholism
alzheimer's 
tumor

Question 3

balance, coordination, dysmetria (past point), dyssynergia (lack of coord), diadochokinesia (rapidly alternating movements), tandem gait

Answer 3

cerebellum

Question 4

d/o of cerebellum

Answer 4

MS
alcoholism
form of CP

Question 5

two point discrim, vibration, joint position sense

Answer 5

post columns

Question 6

d/o of post columns

Answer 6

MS
tabes dorsalis
leprosy

Question 7

voluntary motor, flexors of hands and feet

Answer 7

corticospinal (pyramidal)

-UMNL is d/o

Question 8

path longitudinal cyst of CENTRAL CANAL of SC, fluid filling cavities expand in adult years
-loss of pn/temp over shoulders, cape like

Answer 8

syringomyelia

Question 9

• demylination of CNS causing demyelination of SC, brain
• motor, sens affected
• F 20-40, exacerbation and remission
• worse moving from cold to warm*

Answer 9

MS

Question 10

diplopia, scotomas, transient blindness, optic neuritis, pain, vertigo, UMNL in legs causing distal weakness, + Lhermitt’es

Answer 10

MS

-dx best with MRI

Question 11

charcot triad of MS

Answer 11

scanning speech
intention tremors
nystagmus

Question 12

-F 20-40, AI dz body makes antibodies against ACh receptors, myoneural jxn dysfx, wk in CNs then prox muscles

Answer 12

myasthenia gravis

Question 13

ptosis, diplopia, dysarthria, fatigue of mm (esp w exercise), muscle weakness worse at end of day

Answer 13

myasthenia gravis

-dx with tensilon test, tx with cholinesterase inhib drugs

Question 14

• corticospinal tract, anterior horn affected
• begins in hands/feet and life expect is short
• fascic, spasticity, inc DTR

Answer 14

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

MOTOR ONLY

Question 15

LMNL in arms and UMNL in legs

Answer 15

ALS

-ddx lateral canal stenosis

Question 16

degen of post columns and corticospinal tracts, B12 def
+schilling test, irrev neuro sx
*** glove and stocking paresthesia

Answer 16

posterolateral sclerosis

Question 17

hemisection sc caused by injury

-ipsi loss of MOTOR + dorsal clumns, contra loss of PN/TP

Answer 17

brown sequard syndrome

Question 18

nonprogressive motor d/o of cerebral cortex dt anoxia to brain prenatally or during birth drama

Answer 18

CP

Question 19

scissor gait, spastic paralysis, athetoid and choreiform movements, normal intelligence

Answer 19

CP

Question 20

• chronic progressive cond assoc w loss of dopamine in substantia nigra causing basal ganglionic dysfx
• extrapyramidal tract involvement
• gradual onset over 50

Answer 20

parkinsons aka paralysis agitans

Question 21

resting tremors, mask like faces, festinating gait, cogwheel/lead pipe rigidity, fwd stooped posture, bradykinesia

Answer 21

parkinsons

Question 22

• inflam polyneurop of PNS linked to recent immunizations or after recent flu infx
• ASCENDING paralysis, sens sx
• can be med emergency if at diaphragm

Answer 22

guillain-barre syndrome

Question 23

-clinical condition of tertiary syph, wasting of POST columns
-irreg of pupil (argyll robertson- accomodates but does not respond)
coordination and balance
slappage gait

Answer 23

tabes dorsalis

Question 24

• sex linked recessive d/o, boys 3-7

- prox musc wk, WADDLING GAIT, toe walk, hyperlordosis, psydohypertrophy of calves, gower sign

Answer 24

muscular dystrophy (erb duchenne)

Question 25

increase in CPK (CK-MM)

decreased creatinine

Answer 25

muscular dystrophy

Question 26

• hered cond affects motor and sensory
• wkness of foot, lower leg muscles that may result in foot drop and high stepped gait with tripping/falls
• lower leg atrophy

Answer 26

charcot marie tooth dz

Question 27

mental deterioration (cortical), amnesia, dx via autopsy

Answer 27

alzheimer’s

Question 28

neurodegenerative genetic d/o affects muscle oord, cognitive decline, dementia
-MC onset 35-44

Answer 28

huntington’s chorea