CNS

Question 1

unilateral throbbing
nausea and vomiting
fatigue
visual disturbance

Answer 1

Migraine

CAUSES
foods and drinks
stress
sleep patterns
environmental factors
medication
hormonal changes

MANAGEMENT/TREATMENT
OTC pain relievers
beta blockers
NSAIDs
painkillers
nurofen 200mg

regular exercise
regular breaks when sitting
plenty of water
don’t skip meals or sleep
limit caffeine

Question 2

dull, aching pain
may be pain at the back of neck
tight band around the head

Answer 2

tension headache

CAUSES
stress
anxiety
bad posture
tiredness

MANAGEMENT/TREATMENT
OTC pain relievers

manage stress management
adequate sleep
good posture
hydration
regular breaks

Question 3

severe pain on one side of the head, usually around one eye

Answer 3

cluster headache

CAUSES
change in blood flow
alcohol
smoking
hypothalamus dysfunction

MANAGEMENT/TREATMENT
corticosteroids
lithium
calcium channel blocker

consult with healthcare professional

Question 4

throbbing pain when moving their head
toothache or pain when eating
green or yellow mucus

Answer 4

sinus headache

CAUSES
build-up of pressure in the sinus
during or after a cold

MANAGEMENT/TREATMENT
corticosteroids
lithium
calcium channel blocker
triptans (first line)
NSAIDs (first line)
codeine and dihydrocodeine (2nd line)

stay hydrated
regular exercise
quiet environment
regular sleep patterns