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anatomy (davis) > CNS > Flashcards

CNS Flashcards

1
Q

how many regions are there?

A

4

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2
Q

name the regions

A

cerebral hemispheres
diencephalon
brain stem
cerebellum

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3
Q

gray matter

A

nonmyelinated

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4
Q

white matter

A

myelinated

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5
Q

basic pattern

A

gray matter inside, white matter outside (opposite on cerebrum and cerebellum)

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6
Q

number of ventricles

A

4

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7
Q

ventricles are lined with

A

ependymal cells

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8
Q

ventricles are filled with

A

cerebral spinal fluid

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9
Q

how much mass do cerebral hemispheres take up?

A

83%

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10
Q

gyri

A

ridge

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11
Q

sulci

A

shallow grooves

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12
Q

transverse

A

separates cerebellum from cerebrum

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13
Q

fissures

A

deep grooves

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14
Q

lobes

A

frontal
temporal
occipital
parietal
insula

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15
Q

sulci divide the

A

lobes

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16
Q

central sulcus divides

A

frontal and parietal

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17
Q

parieto occipital sulcus

A

divides parietal and occipital lobe

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18
Q

lateral sulcus

A

divides right and left hemispheres

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19
Q

3 regions

A

cerebral cortex - of gray matter
white matter - internally
basal nuclei - deep within white matter

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20
Q

the membrane must depolarize by

A

15 to 20 MV

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21
Q

for the threshold, Na permeability

A

increases

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22
Q

Na+ moves _____ K+ moves ______

A

in, out

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23
Q

AP are self

A

propogating

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24
Q

AP can only travel

A

in the forward direction

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25
Q

CNS tells difference of weak and strong based on the

A

frequency of impulses

26
Q

refractory periods happen when a neuron cannot

A

trigger another action potential

27
Q

during a refractory period, voltage gated na+ channels are

A

open

28
Q

refractory periods enforce

A

one way transmission

29
Q

relative follows

A

absolute refractory period

30
Q

repolarizing is

A

occuring

31
Q

threshold is

A

elevated

32
Q

stimulus must be ______ to get a new AP

A

strong

33
Q

velocity

A

axon diameter
degree of myelination
continuous conduction

34
Q

continuous conduction

A

speed is slow

35
Q

saltatory conduction

A

only generated in gaps
electrical signal jumps

36
Q

cerebral cortex is the site of the conscious mind meaning

A

awareness
sensory reception
voluntary motor initiation
communication
memory storage

37
Q

3 types of functional areas

A

motor
sensory
association

38
Q

motor

A

voluntary movement

39
Q

sensory

A

conscious awareness of sensation

40
Q

association

A

integrate diverse information

41
Q

lateralization can only occur

A

in one hemisphere

42
Q

conscious behavior involves how much of the brain

A

both hemispheres

43
Q

where are motor areas located

A

frontal lobe

44
Q

primary motor cortex

A

-located in the precentral gyrus
-pyramidal cells allow precise control of muscle movement
-tracts project down spinal chord

45
Q

premotor cortex

A

-helps plan movement
-controls learned, repetitious or patterned motor skills
-coordinates simultaneous or sequential actions

46
Q

brocas area

A

left hemisphere
speech/speech production

47
Q

damage to areas of primary motor cortex results in

A

paralysis/strokes

48
Q

sensory areas occur in which lobes

A

temporal
occipital
parietal
insular

49
Q

how many sensory areas are there

A

8

50
Q

primary visual area

A

-located at the posterior tip of the occipital lobe
-receives visual info from retina

51
Q

primary somatosensory

A

-located in parietal lobe
-sensory info from skin and proprioceptors
- spacial discrimination - ID of body region being stimulated

52
Q

somatosensory association

A

-posterior to primary somatosensory cortex
-integrates sensory input in order to understand object
-determines what is being felt (junk drawer)

53
Q

visual association area

A

-INTERPRETS visual stimuli
-complex PROCESSING

54
Q

auditory areas

A

located near temporal lobes
interprets auditory info

55
Q

auditory association area

A

stores memories of sounds

56
Q

vestibular cortex

A

conscious awareness of balance

57
Q

olfactory cortex

A

smell

58
Q

gustatory cortex

A

taste

59
Q

visceral sensory cortex

A

internal organs - bellyache

60
Q

multimodal association areas

A

-receive input from multiple sensory areas
-sends output to multiple areas
-gives meaning and allows memory storage
-sensations, thoughts, and emotions become conscious

61
Q

how could you disrupt a neuron?

A

if sodium channels do not open, sodium cannot get in therefore the neuron will not reach threshold, therefore no action potential will be sent and no message will be sent through the neuron

anatomy (davis) (9 decks)

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