CNS

Question 1

Names of benzodiazepenes?

Answer 1

Midazolam - short acting

Lorazepam
Alprazolam - intermediate acting

Diazepam
Clonazepam - long acting

Question 2

Uses of Benzos?

Answer 2

Insomnia
Induce sleep

Question 3

ADR of benzos?

Answer 3

CNS - drowsiness, lower motor skills, slower reaction time
Anterograde amnesia. Memory disturbances are particularly profound after IV sedation.
CVS - Lower BP, Lower respiration in predisposed patients.
Paradoxical effects - excitement, garrulousness, irritability, hallucination, outburst of rage. Violent behaviour has been attributed to disinhibition by BZD
Neonatal toxicity - floppy child syndrome
Tolerance, dependence and withdrawal

Question 4

Antidepressant classes?

Answer 4

SSRI - Selective Serotonin re-uptake inhibitors
TCA - Tricyclic antidepressants
SNRI - Serotonin Norepinephrine Re-uptake inhibitors
NaSSA

Question 5

MOA of Antidepressants?

Answer 5

Regulate neurotrophins:
BDNF expression in hippocampus rises.
BDNF enhances growth of serotonin and NE neurons
BDNF protects these neurons from neurotoxic damage

Question 6

Names of Antipsychotics?

Answer 6

Haloperidol - 1st gen
Olanzapine
Clozapine
Risperidone - 2nd gen

Question 7

Which antipsychotic class blocks more 5-HT2 and has less EPS?

Answer 7

2nd Gen - Olanzapine, Clozapine, Risperidone etc.

Question 8

Which class of antipsychotics can cause weight gain?

Answer 8

2nd Gen antipsychotics

Question 9

ADR of SSRIs?

Answer 9

Anxiety
Weight loss/gain
Headache, nausea
Sexual dysfunction
Hyponatremia
No fatality on overdose
DDIs - inhibit P450 enzymes.
Don’t take with MAOI or St. John’s wort. Risk of Serotonin Syndrome