CN Upper Angiology

Question 1

Aneurisms to the axillary artery

Answer 1

Part 1 of the axillary artery (area before the pec minor that has the supreme thoracic artery) is the most prone to aneurisms due to repeated arm movements (such as baseball players.

Aneurisms can also cause compression of the brachial artery, resuling in pain and loss of sensation

Question 2

Who is more prone to get aneurisms in Part 1 of the axillary A?

Answer 2

People who have repeated arm movements; like baseball players.

Question 3

Aneurisms in region 1 of the axillary artery can also do what?

Answer 3

Compress the brachial plexus; causing pain and loss of sensation

Question 4

Scapula anastamoses

Answer 4

The scapula has anastomses areas that can allow blood to travel even when there is a problem with the axillary artery.

In order to prevent blood flow to the arm, one would need to ligate distal to the SUBSCAPULAR ARTERY (of the third area of the axillary nerve).

If the axillary artery is ligated between the [thyrocervical trunk] and the [subscapular artery], the flow of blood is reversed into the subscapular via

1. Transverse cervical a
2. Suprascapular a
3. Intercostal a
   (dorsal scapular artery, suprascapular a, circumflex scapular)
   into the brachial artery.

Thus, blood can flow in many directions around the scapula between the [thyrocervical trunk] and the [subscapular a]

Question 5

What three sources allow the reversal of blood in the scapula anasthamosis?

Answer 5

1. Transverse cervical artery
2. Suprascapular A
3. Intercostal A

Dorsal scapular

Question 6

What are the 5 axillary lymph nodes?

Answer 6

1. Humeral axillary lymph nodes
2. Subscapular axillary lymph nodes
3. Pectoral axillary lymph nodes
4. Central axillary lymph nodes
5. Apical axillary lymph nodes

Question 7

Where does the [humeral axillary lymph nodes] accept lymph from?

Answer 7

Upper extremity

Question 8

Where does the [pectoral axillary lymph nodes] accept lymph from?

Answer 8

Breast

LATERAL thoracic wall

Question 9

Where does the [subscapular axillary lymph node] accept lymph from?

Answer 9

Posterior thoracic wall

Question 10

Where does the [central axillary lymph node] accept lymph from?

Answer 10

Pectoral axillary lymph nodes

Subscapular axillary lymph nodes

Humeral axillary lymph nodes

Question 11

Where does the apical axillary lymph nodes accept lymph from?

Answer 11

Central axillary lymph nodes

Question 12

CN: Axillary lymph nodes?

Answer 12

Axillary lymph nodes are often invaded by cancer cells from somewhere else in the body (usually the breast).

Question 13

Why is the median cubital vein often the place for venous puncture?

Answer 13

The median cubital vein is often the place for venous puncture because it is superficial and protected by the bicipital aponeurosis.

Question 14

The subclavian artery is divided into three sections by what>

Answer 14

anterior scalene

Question 15

what comes off the subclavian a?

Answer 15

1. vertebral a
2. thyrocervical trunk
   
   • transverse cervical a
   • suprascapular a
   • inferior thyroid a
3. dorsal scapular a

Question 16

deltoid m b.s

Answer 16

1. deltoid branch of TAT

2. PCHA

Question 17

pt 3 of axillary

Answer 17

1. PCHA
2. ACHA
3. Subscapular a - thoracodorsal & circumflex scapular a

Question 18

Cephalic vein runs on what side of the body?

Answer 18

Radial/lateral side

Question 19

Basilic vein runs on what side of the body

Answer 19

ulnar/medial side

Question 20

Subclavian vein

Answer 20

made up of the cephalic, brachial and basicilic vein all joining the axillary vein and passing the 1st rib

Question 21

Scapular anastamoses

Answer 21

If we wanted to cut off blood to the arm, we would ligate after the subscapular A.

If we were to cut between the thyrocervical trunk and the subscapular, anastamoses would occur between the

1. dorsal scapular
2. circumflex scapular
3. suprascapular a