CM Advanced Ch.10 Flashcards
In automotive and construction equipment, what terms describe a method of transmitting power from one place to another through the use of a liquid or gas?
Hydraulic or pneumatic
What is that branch of science that deals with the study and use of liquids, as related to the mechanical aspects of physics?
Hydraulics
What is that branch of science that deals wit the study and use of air and other gases, as related to the mechanical aspects of physics?
Pneumatics
What is the push or pull of an object?
Force
What is the amount of force distributed over each unit on the area of an object?
Pressure
What is defined as any substance made up of small particles or molecules that have the ability to flow or move easily?
Fluid
What is a substance in which the molecules are separated by relatively large spaces?
Gas
Who was a noted French physicist who discovered that a closed container of fluid could be used to transfer force from one place to another or to multiply forces by its transmission through a fluid?
Pascal
The heart of any hydraulic system is it’s what?
Pumps
Gears, lobes, and what else’s are commonly used as elements in rotary pumps?
Vanes
What style pump is simple in design and finds wide use in low-pressure hydraulic systems?
Gear
What pumps are most commonly used for applications requiring high pressures and accurate control of the discharge volume?
Reciprocating
What pump eliminates the need for a system pressure regulator?
Variable volume
The piston stoke of the pump is determined by the angle of the what?
Cam plate
What transforms fluid pressure into mechanical energy?
Hydraulic actuators
What is a device that converts fluid power to linear or straight-line force and motion?
Actuating cylinder
What type of cylinder is used primarily for push functions father than pull?
Ram
Why type of cylinder is normally used for applications that require both push and pull functions?
Piston
Most piston type actuating cylinders are what?
Double-acting
What is a device that converts fluid power to rotary motion and force?
Fluid power motion
The gears of the gear-type motor are of the external type and may be of the spur, helical, or what type of design?
Herringbone
What is the most common design of the piston type of motor?
Axial
Once the pump has begun to move the fluid in a hydraulic system, what are usually required to control, monitor, and regulate the operation of the system?
Valves
What valve is incorporated in most hydraulic systems and acts as a safety valve, used to prevent damage to the system in case of over-pressurization?
Relief
What valve is designed to remove the system load from the pump once system pressure has been reached?
Pressure regulating
Selector valves may be actuated mechanically, manually, electrically, hydraulically, or what other way?
Pneumatically
What valves are probably the most used valves in fluid power systems?
Check
What is the fluid storehouse for the hydraulic system?
Reservoir
What are incorporated in some Hydraulic systems to store a volume of liquid under pressure for subsequent conversion into useful work or to absorb rapid fluid pulsations when valves are operated repeatedly?
Hydraulic accumulators
In the separator Type of air-operated accumulator, Armand is provided to separate the gas from the liquid. The three styles of separators are bladder(bag), diaphragm, and what else?
Piston
Although there are several different modifications of diaphragm style accumulator, It is usually what in shape?
Spherical
What part in a hydraulic system is a screening or straining device used to remove impurities from the hydraulic fluid?
Filter
The most common filter elements used in CESE equipment are wire mesh, micronic, and what else?
Porous metal
What is a unit of measurement used to express the degree of filtration?
Micron
A micron equals one millionth of a meter or what amount of an inch?
0.0000394
The normal lower level of visibility to the naked eye is about how many microns?
40
When it is used in CESE hydraulic systems, the micronic element normally prevents the passage of solids of how many microns or greater in size?
10
In many micronic filters, the relief valve is set to open when the differential in pressure exceeds what psi?
50
How many types of hydraulic systems are used in Support equipment?
2
Every hydraulic system has two major parts or sections: the power section and the what other section?
Actuating
What do all hydraulic pumps have on common?
Precision construction
What contamination class includes such particulars as dust, dirt, core sand weld splatter, machining chips, and rust?
Abrasive
What products usually called sludge, have no abrasive properties?
Oil-oxidation
Contaminants created during system operation are of two general types: what are they?
Mechanical and chemical
What is the chief source of chemical contaminants in hydraulic liquid?
Oxidation
Hydraulic liquids that have been subjected to excessively high temperatures (above what temperature) break down in substance, leaving minute particles of asphalting suspended in the liquids?
250°F
One of the most common foreign-fluid contaminants is what?
Water
What must not be used for flushing hydraulic systems in active service, because of its poor lubricating qualities and it’s contaminating effect on the subsequent till of hydraulic liquid?
Diesel fuel oil
