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Renal Pharm > Clinical Uses > Flashcards

Clinical Uses Flashcards

1
Q

Complicated pyelonephritis

A

penicillins ceftriaxone aminoglycosides

fluoroquinolones

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2
Q

Primarily to treat severe or intractable hypertension

A

Minoxidil; Pinacidil

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3
Q

Pulmonary and peripheral edema Edema associated with hypoalbuminemia (caused by liver disease or nephrotic proteinuria) Hypercalcemia (caused by malignancy or hyperparathyroidism) Hyperkalemia (caused by potassium-retaining drugs or renal insufficiency) Hyponatremia

A

Ethacrynic acid

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4
Q

Preferred in hypertensive diabetic patients (delay the onset/progression of diabetic renal damage)

A

Captopril, Lisinopril, Enalapril, Ramipril

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5
Q

i. Acute mountain sickness ii. Restore acid-base balance in heart failure patients with metabolic alkalosis caused by loop diuretics

A

Acetazolamide

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6
Q

Candidiasis pyelonephritis

A

Azoles (fluconazole)

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7
Q

Reduces formation of aqueous humor and thus lowers intraocular pressure in treating open angle glaucoma

A

Dorzolamide

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8
Q

First line for ED

A

Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

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9
Q

Used mainly in men with hypertension plus BPH

A

Prazosin; Doxazosin

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10
Q

Pulmonary and peripheral edema Edema associated with hypoalbuminemia (caused by liver disease or nephrotic proteinuria) Hypercalcemia (caused by malignancy or hyperparathyroidism) Hyperkalemia (caused by potassium-retaining drugs or renal insufficiency) Hyponatremia HTN

A

Furosemide

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11
Q

used in treating lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus a. Potentiate the action of more proximally acting diuretics b. Counteract the potassium wasting of thiazide and loop diuretics

A

Amiloride

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12
Q

a. Potentiate the action of more proximally acting diuretics b. Counteract the potassium wasting of thiazide and loop diuretics

A

Triamterene

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13
Q

good first choice agent in patients with a significantly enlarged prostate (> 40 g), who cannot tolerate the cardiovascular adverse effects of α1-adrenergic receptor antagonists

A

Finasteride; Dutasteride

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14
Q

BPH

A

Saw palmetto

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15
Q

Prostatitis

A

fluoroquinolones TMP SMX

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16
Q

β2 Agonist activity > β2 Antagonist activity, thus beneficial in treatment of Peripheral Vascular Disease

A

Pindolol

17
Q

hypertension in pregnancy, & hypertension due to phaechromocytoma

A

Labetolol

18
Q

Uncomplicated pyelonephritis

A

fluoroquinolones TMP SMX

19
Q

Uncomplicated cystitis

A

Nitrofurantoin Fosfomycin TMP-SMX

20
Q

Anemia of chronic kidney disease

A

Erythropoietic growth factors (epoetin alfa) Ferrous sulfate and ferric gluconate

21
Q

Hypertension (only clinical indication)

A

Losartan, Candesartan, Valsartan, Eprosartan (AT-1 receptor antagonists)

Aliskiren (renin inhibitor)

22
Q

Reduce intracranial pressure in neurological conditions

A

Mannitol

23
Q

intracavernosal - second line for ED combination therapy - third line for ED

A

Alprostadil

24
Q

Monotherapy can be used as initial therapy with similar response rates to orchiectomy

A

Leuprolide; Goserelin

25
Q

Complicated cystitis

A

fluoroquinolones

26
Q

can ameliorate the disease flare caused by the initial surge of LH/FSH release when initiating LH-RH agonist therapy For advanced prostate cancer, indicated in combination with an LH-RH agonist

A

Bicalutamide & flutamide Antiandrogens; Nilutamide

27
Q

Effectively treats hypertension, particularly in the elderly

A

Nifedipine; Amlodipine; Verapamil; Diltiazem

28
Q

management of hypertensive emergency; administered with diuretic

A

Sodium nitroprusside Hydralazine Fenoldopam Diazoxide

29
Q

Therapy for hypertension during pregnancy

A

Methyldopa (Aldomet) Clonidine

30
Q

i. Heart failure ii. Treatment of ascites and edema secondary to hepatic failure iii. Hypokalemic alkalosis secondary to mineralcorticoid excess associated with diminished aldosterone metabolism iv. Effective in secondary hypertension due to hyperaldosteronism a. Potentiate the action of more proximally acting diuretics b. Counteract the potassium wasting of thiazide and loop diuretics

A

Spironolactone

31
Q

indicated in symptomatic patients with primary or secondary hypogonadism

A

Testosterone replacement

32
Q

First line for BPH

A

Alfuzosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin, and terazosin

33
Q

used in combination in with loop diuretics in heart failure

a. Diminish hypercalciuria in patients at risk for nephrolithiasis
b. Hypertension (first-line drugs)
c. Heart failure
d. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

Hydrochlorothiazide and indapamide

34
Q

prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT) and subsequent renal osteodystrophy (ROD)

A

Calcium acetate & calcium carbonate Sevelamer Calcitriol, paricalcitol Cinacalcet

35
Q

single oral dose is effective in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (cystitis) in women

A

Fosfomycin

36
Q

Useful in hypertensive patients with predisposition to, or with asthma, diabetes, or peripheral vascular disease

A

Metoprolol

Renal Pharm (14 decks)

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