Clinical Notes & Vocab

Question 0

Alpha-2 Receptor Agonists

Answer 0

Treat hypertension; stimulate these receptors to inhibit sympathetic vasomoter centers

Question 1

Alpha-1 Receptor Agonist

Answer 1

Treat hypotension; stimulate these receptors to cause vasoconstriction of blood vessels

Question 2

beta-adrenergic blockers

Answer 2

Decrease heart rate and contraction force; lower peripheral blood pressure by acting on these receptors to diminish the effects of epinephrine

Question 3

parasympathetic blocking agents

Answer 3

Drugs that target the muscarinic receptors at neuromuscular or neuroglandular junctions

Question 4

parasympathomimetic drugs

Answer 4

Mimic this system and increase activity of digestive tract

Question 5

sympathetic blocking agents

Answer 5

bind to receptor sites & prevent normal response to neurotransmitters or sympathometic drugs

Question 6

sympathometic drugs

Answer 6

drugs that mimic the effects of sympathetic stimulation

Question 7

age-related macular degeneration

Answer 7

gradually destroys sharp, central vision. Two forms: wet and dry

Question 8

aguesia

Answer 8

a rare inability to taste, or hypo- diminished ability to distinguish taste

Question 9

anosmia

Answer 9

the complete loss of smell, temporary or permanent

Question 10

blepharitis

Answer 10

common & persistent inflammation of the eyelid caused by poor hygiene, excessive oil production, or infection. Itching, gritty, sandy feeling

Question 11

conductive deafness

Answer 11

deafness resulting from conditions in the external or middle ear that block the transfer of vibrations from tympanic membrane to the oval window

Question 12

hyposmia

Answer 12

a lessened sensitivity to odors

Question 13

mydriasis

Answer 13

dilation of the pupils of the eye induced by medical eye drops or disease

Question 14

nerve deafness

Answer 14

deafness resulting from problems within the cochlea or along the auditory nerve pathway

Question 15

otalgia

Answer 15

earache

Question 16

photophobia

Answer 16

oversensitivity to light due to abrasions to the cornea, inflammation, disease or medications

Question 17

strabismus

Answer 17

The abnormal alignment of eyes that prevents the person from gazing at the same point with both eyes

Question 18

synesthesia

Answer 18

Abnormal condition in which sensory nerve messages connect to the wrong centers of the brain. i.e. hearing colors

Question 19

tinnitus

Answer 19

a buzzing, whistling or ringing sound heard in the absence of external stimulus

Question 20

vertigo

Answer 20

a feeling of dizziness caused by problems in vision or the internal ear

Question 21

scotoma

Answer 21

abnormal blind spots

Question 22

retinitis pigmentosa (RP)

Answer 22

a collection of inherited retinopathies; most common inherited abnormality. Visual receptors gradually deteriorate. Mutations change the structure of the visual pigments of membrane discs (i.e. rhodopsin)

Question 23

nyctalopia

Answer 23

night blindness; caused by dietary lack of vitamin A. Visual pigments are synthesized from vitamin A, & gradually decline.

Question 24

nystagmus

Answer 24

uncontrollable eye movements while stationary which are normally associated with compensation for spinning/twirling.